biostudies-literatureUnknown9Huang T<h4>Background</h4>Low-voltage-substrate (LVS)-guided ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) has been described either in sinus rhythm (SR) or AF. Prolonged fractionated potentials (PFPs) may represent arrhythmogenic slow conduction substrate and potentially co-localize with LVS. We assess the spatial correlation of PFP identified in AF (PFP-AF) to those mapped in SR (PFP-SR). We further report the relationship between LVS and PFPs when mapped in AF or SR.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Thirty-eight patients with ablation naïve persistent AF underwent left atrial (LA) high-density mapping in AF and SR prior to catheter ablation. Areas presenting PFP-AF and PFP-SR were annotated during mapping on the LA geometry. Low-voltage areas (LVA) were quantified using a bipolar threshold of 0Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine1000027https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9622778biostudies-literatureValidating left atrial fractionation and low-voltage substrate during atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm-A high-density mapping study in persistent atrial fibrillation.PMC9622778Mayer LMoreno Weidmann ZArentz TChen JLehrmann HJadidi AHuang TWestermann DMuller-Edenborn BAllgeier JSchoechlin SEichenlaub MTrenk DBohnen MfalseValidating left atrial fractionation and low-voltage substrate during atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm-A high-density mapping study in persistent atrial fibrillation.<h4>Background</h4>Low-voltage-substrate (LVS)-guided ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) has been described either in sinus rhythm (SR) or AF. Prolonged fractionated potentials (PFPs) may represent arrhythmogenic slow conduction substrate and potentially co-localize with LVS. We assess the spatial correlation of PFP identified in AF (PFP-AF) to those mapped in SR (PFP-SR). We further report the relationship between LVS and PFPs when mapped in AF or SR.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Thirty-eight patients with ablation naïve persistent AF underwent left atrial (LA) high-density mapping in AF and SR prior to catheter ablation. Areas presenting PFP-AF and PFP-SR were annotated during mapping on the LA geometry. Low-voltage areas (LVA) were quantified using a bipolar threshold of 02022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222025-04-19T02:35:55.817Z2025-04-19T02:35:55.817ZS-EPMC96227783633000110.3389/fcvm.2022.1000027