biostudies-literatureLi ZXJTLU Key Program Special FundNational Natural Science Foundation of China13493https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9655583biostudies-literatureUnknown23(21)One of the most abundant non-canonical bases widely occurring on various RNA molecules is 5-methyluridine (m5U). Recent studies have revealed its influences on the development of breast cancer, systemic lupus erythematosus, and the regulation of stress responses. The accurate identification of m⁵U sites is crucial for understanding their biological functions. We propose RNADSN, the first transfer learning deep neural network that learns common features between tRNA m⁵U and mRNA m⁵U to enhance the prediction of mRNA m⁵U. Without seeing the experimentally detected mRNA m⁵U sites, RNADSN has already outperformed the state-of-the-art method, m5UPred. Using mRNA m⁵U classification as an additional layer of supervision, our model International journal of molecular sciencesRNADSN: Transfer-Learning 5-Methyluridine (m⁵U) Modification on mRNAs from Common Features of tRNA.PMC9655583KSF-P-0232100519KSF-E-5131671373Li ZHuang DSong BMeng JMao JfalseRNADSN: Transfer-Learning 5-Methyluridine (m⁵U) Modification on mRNAs from Common Features of tRNA.One of the most abundant non-canonical bases widely occurring on various RNA molecules is 5-methyluridine (m5U). Recent studies have revealed its influences on the development of breast cancer, systemic lupus erythematosus, and the regulation of stress responses. The accurate identification of m⁵U sites is crucial for understanding their biological functions. We propose RNADSN, the first transfer learning deep neural network that learns common features between tRNA m⁵U and mRNA m⁵U to enhance the prediction of mRNA m⁵U. Without seeing the experimentally detected mRNA m⁵U sites, RNADSN has already outperformed the state-of-the-art method, m5UPred. Using mRNA m⁵U classification as an additional layer of supervision, our model 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Nov2025-04-04T13:30:21.509Z2024-12-04T03:13:00.53ZS-EPMC96555833636227910.3390/ijms232113493