biostudies-literatureUnknown7(1)Khan SJanssen Vaccines & Prevention, Leiden, NetherlandsThe adenovirus (Ad)26 serotype-based vector vaccine Ad26.COV2.S has been used in millions of subjects for the prevention of COVID-19, but potentially elicits persistent anti-vector immunity. We investigated if vaccine-elicited immunity to Ad26 vector-based vaccines significantly influences antigen-specific immune responses induced by a subsequent vaccination with Ad26 vector-based vaccine regimens against different disease targets in non-human primates. A homologous Ad26 vector-based vaccination regimen or heterologous regimens (Ad26/Ad35 or Ad26/Modified Vaccinia Ankara [MVA]) induced target pathogen-specific immunity in animals, but also persistent neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses against the vectors. However, subsequent vaccination (interval, 26-57 weeks) with homologous andNPJ vaccines146https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9664441biostudies-literatureSequential use of Ad26-based vaccine regimens in NHP to induce immunity against different disease targets.PMC9664441Serroyen JSchuitemaker HSalisch NCZahn RCBoer KFBoedhoe SKhan SGil AIfalseSequential use of Ad26-based vaccine regimens in NHP to induce immunity against different disease targets.The adenovirus (Ad)26 serotype-based vector vaccine Ad26.COV2.S has been used in millions of subjects for the prevention of COVID-19, but potentially elicits persistent anti-vector immunity. We investigated if vaccine-elicited immunity to Ad26 vector-based vaccines significantly influences antigen-specific immune responses induced by a subsequent vaccination with Ad26 vector-based vaccine regimens against different disease targets in non-human primates. A homologous Ad26 vector-based vaccination regimen or heterologous regimens (Ad26/Ad35 or Ad26/Modified Vaccinia Ankara [MVA]) induced target pathogen-specific immunity in animals, but also persistent neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses against the vectors. However, subsequent vaccination (interval, 26-57 weeks) with homologous and2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Nov2025-04-05T15:41:08.789Z2024-10-15T07:17:41.539ZS-EPMC96644413637995710.1038/s41541-022-00567-w