biostudies-literatureDuan SKey Laboratory of Highway Construction and Maintenance Technology in the Loess Region of Shanxi Transportation Research Institute38-47https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9668804biostudies-literatureUnknown50(1)<h4>Purpose</h4>We first developed a 4-1BB-targeted optical probe, named IRDye-680RD-4-1BB mAb (monoclonal antibody), and evaluated its value for the detection of 4-1BB⁺ activated T cells in vivo as well as the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) mouse model.<h4>Methods</h4>The 4-1BB expression pattern was analysed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. The 4-1BB mAb was conjugated with IRDye-680RD NHS ester, and characterized via fluorescence spectrum. A cell-binding assay was also performed to assess the interaction of this probe with activated and naïve murine T cells. Longitudinal near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging of the probe was performed at 6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after probe administration.<h4>Results</h4European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imagingFluorophore-conjugated 4-1BB antibody enables early detection of T-cell responses in inflammatory arthritis via NIRF imaging.PMC9668804KYCX2019-09Xia YLi CXiao ZLi PZhang MZhang XChen WDuan SJing CWang WHan CWang YDong BfalseFluorophore-conjugated 4-1BB antibody enables early detection of T-cell responses in inflammatory arthritis via NIRF imaging.<h4>Purpose</h4>We first developed a 4-1BB-targeted optical probe, named IRDye-680RD-4-1BB mAb (monoclonal antibody), and evaluated its value for the detection of 4-1BB⁺ activated T cells in vivo as well as the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) mouse model.<h4>Methods</h4>The 4-1BB expression pattern was analysed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. The 4-1BB mAb was conjugated with IRDye-680RD NHS ester, and characterized via fluorescence spectrum. A cell-binding assay was also performed to assess the interaction of this probe with activated and naïve murine T cells. Longitudinal near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging of the probe was performed at 6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after probe administration.<h4>Results</h42022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Dec2025-04-19T18:50:59.217Z2025-04-19T18:50:59.217ZS-EPMC96688043606995710.1007/s00259-022-05946-y