biostudies-literatureLu Wthe subject of major projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China1585-1599https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9708803biostudies-literatureUnknown54(12)Oxidative-induced damage and hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R) injury are common causes of irreversible visual impairment. The goals of this study were to explore the effects of taurine on R28 cells under the two damage models and the underlying mechanisms. Low doses of taurine supplementation promoted cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), SOD levels, ATP contents and attenuated cytotoxicity and intracellular ROS generation of the R28 cells under the two kinds of damage. The expression level of GTPBP3, a mitochondrial-tRNA (mt-tRNA) modification enzyme that catalyzes the taurine involved modification, was decreased under the two damage and taurine could reverse the reduction. After knocking down GTPBP3, the R28 cells become vulnerable to damage. The viability, cytotoxicity, MMAmino acidsTaurine protects R28 cells from hypoxia/re-oxygenation-induced damage via regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism.PMC970880381790641Wu JYang YLu WSun XGao SfalseTaurine protects R28 cells from hypoxia/re-oxygenation-induced damage via regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism.Oxidative-induced damage and hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R) injury are common causes of irreversible visual impairment. The goals of this study were to explore the effects of taurine on R28 cells under the two damage models and the underlying mechanisms. Low doses of taurine supplementation promoted cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), SOD levels, ATP contents and attenuated cytotoxicity and intracellular ROS generation of the R28 cells under the two kinds of damage. The expression level of GTPBP3, a mitochondrial-tRNA (mt-tRNA) modification enzyme that catalyzes the taurine involved modification, was decreased under the two damage and taurine could reverse the reduction. After knocking down GTPBP3, the R28 cells become vulnerable to damage. The viability, cytotoxicity, MM2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Dec2025-04-03T21:31:14.861Z2025-04-03T21:31:14.861ZS-EPMC97088033605616310.1007/s00726-022-03199-5