biostudies-literatureWroe EBNIMH NIH HHSNational Institute of Mental Healthe063701https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9710473biostudies-literatureUnknown12(11)<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the costs and client outcomes associated with integrating screening and treatment for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) into HIV services in a rural and remote part in southeastern Africa.<h4>Design</h4>Prospective cohort study.<h4>Setting</h4>Primary and secondary level health facilities in Neno District, Malawi.<h4>Participants</h4>New adult enrollees in Integrated Chronic Care Clinics (IC3) between July 2016 and June 2017.<h4>Main outcome measures</h4>We quantified the annualised total and per capita economic cost (US$2017) of integrated chronic care, using activity-based costing from a health system perspective. We also measured enrolment, retention and mortality over the same period. Furthermore, we measured clinical outcomes for HIV (viral load), hypertenBMJ openEconomic evaluation of integrated services for non-communicable diseases and HIV: costs and client outcomes in rural Malawi.PMC9710473R01 MH117760Boudreaux CMailosi BNazimera LPrice NKachimanga CKalanga NDullie LShah ANeba LGizaw MMcBain RKDunbar ELWroe EBfalseEconomic evaluation of integrated services for non-communicable diseases and HIV: costs and client outcomes in rural Malawi.<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the costs and client outcomes associated with integrating screening and treatment for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) into HIV services in a rural and remote part in southeastern Africa.<h4>Design</h4>Prospective cohort study.<h4>Setting</h4>Primary and secondary level health facilities in Neno District, Malawi.<h4>Participants</h4>New adult enrollees in Integrated Chronic Care Clinics (IC3) between July 2016 and June 2017.<h4>Main outcome measures</h4>We quantified the annualised total and per capita economic cost (US$2017) of integrated chronic care, using activity-based costing from a health system perspective. We also measured enrolment, retention and mortality over the same period. Furthermore, we measured clinical outcomes for HIV (viral load), hyperten2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Nov2025-04-04T19:38:00.768Z2025-04-04T19:38:00.768ZS-EPMC97104733644289810.1136/bmjopen-2022-063701