biostudies-literatureRoy MANIEHS NIH HHSNational Institutes of HealthNIGMS NIH HHS2822-2834https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9711864biostudies-literatureUnknown41(11)Traditional approaches toward evaluating oil spill mitigation effectiveness in drinking water supplies using analytical chemistry can overlook residual hydrocarbons and treatment byproducts of unknown toxicity. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) were used to address this limitation by evaluating the reduction in toxicity to fish exposed to laboratory solutions of dissolved crude oil constituents treated with 3 mg/L ozone (O<sub>3</sub> ) with or without a peroxone-based advanced oxidation process using 0.5 M H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> /M O<sub>3</sub> or 1 M H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> /M O<sub>3</sub> . Crude oil water mixtures (OWMs) were generated using three mixing protocols-orbital (OWM-Orb), rapid (OWM-Rap), and impeller (OWM-Imp) and contained dissolved total aromatic concentrations of 106-10Environmental toxicology and chemistryThe Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryo Model as a Tool to Assess Drinking Water Treatment Efficacy for Freshwater Impacted by Crude Oil Spill.PMC9711864T32 GM135096F31 ES030975R01 ES025748Tobiason JEMohan AReckhow DATimme-Laragy ARRoy MAKarasik YfalseThe Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryo Model as a Tool to Assess Drinking Water Treatment Efficacy for Freshwater Impacted by Crude Oil Spill.Traditional approaches toward evaluating oil spill mitigation effectiveness in drinking water supplies using analytical chemistry can overlook residual hydrocarbons and treatment byproducts of unknown toxicity. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) were used to address this limitation by evaluating the reduction in toxicity to fish exposed to laboratory solutions of dissolved crude oil constituents treated with 3 mg/L ozone (O<sub>3</sub> ) with or without a peroxone-based advanced oxidation process using 0.5 M H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> /M O<sub>3</sub> or 1 M H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> /M O<sub>3</sub> . Crude oil water mixtures (OWMs) were generated using three mixing protocols-orbital (OWM-Orb), rapid (OWM-Rap), and impeller (OWM-Imp) and contained dissolved total aromatic concentrations of 106-102022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Nov2025-04-25T20:53:20.289Z2025-04-06T08:32:33.286ZS-EPMC97118643604013010.1002/etc.5472