biostudies-literatureUnknown9Zhao LBrown adipose tissue (BAT) is mainly present in young mammals and is important for maintaining body temperature in neonatal mammals because of its ability to produce non-shivering thermogenesis. There is usually a large amount of BAT around the kidneys of newborn kids, but the BAT gradually "whiting" after birth. Screening and validating appropriate reference genes is a prerequisite for further studying the mechanism of goat brown adipose tissue "whiting" during the early stages. In this study, the expression stability of 17 candidate reference genes: 12 <i>COPS8, SAP18, IGF2R, PARL, SNRNP200, ACTG1, CLTA, GANAB, GABARAP, PCBP2, CTSB</i>, and <i>CD151</i>) selected based on previous transcriptome data as new candidate reference genes, 3 (<i>PFDN5, CTNNB1</i>, and <i>EIF3M</i>) recommended in previous studies, and 2 traditional reference genes (<i>ACTB</i> and <i>GAPDH</i>) was evaluated. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) technology was used to detect the expression level of candidate reference genes during goat BAT "whiting". Four algorithms: Normfinder, geNorm, ΔCt method, and BestKeeper, and two comprehensive algorithms: ComprFinder and RefFinder, were used to analyze the stability of each candidate reference genes. <i>GABARAP, CLTA, GAPDH</i>, and <i>ACTB</i> were identified as the most stable reference genes, while <i>CTNNB1, CTSB</i>, and <i>EIF3M</i> were the least stable. Moreover, two randomly selected target genes <i>IDH2</i> and <i>RBP4</i>, were effectively normalized using the selected most stable reference genes. These findings collectively suggest that <i>GABARAP, CLTA, GAPDH</i>, and <i>ACTB</i> are relatively stable reference genes that can potentially be used for the development of perirenal fat in goats.Frontiers in veterinary science1055866https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9712442biostudies-literatureTranscriptome-based selection and validation of optimal reference genes in perirenal adipose developing of goat (<i>Capra hircus</i>).PMC9712442Yang HLi XZhao LZhou YLiu TZhao YfalseTranscriptome-based selection and validation of optimal reference genes in perirenal adipose developing of goat (<i>Capra hircus</i>).Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is mainly present in young mammals and is important for maintaining body temperature in neonatal mammals because of its ability to produce non-shivering thermogenesis. There is usually a large amount of BAT around the kidneys of newborn kids, but the BAT gradually "whiting" after birth. Screening and validating appropriate reference genes is a prerequisite for further studying the mechanism of goat brown adipose tissue "whiting" during the early stages. In this study, the expression stability of 17 candidate reference genes: 12 <i>COPS8, SAP18, IGF2R, PARL, SNRNP200, ACTG1, CLTA, GANAB, GABARAP, PCBP2, CTSB</i>, and <i>CD151</i>) selected based on previous transcriptome data as new candidate reference genes, 3 (<i>PFDN5, CTNNB1</i>, and <i>EIF3M</i>) recommended in previous studies, and 2 traditional reference genes (<i>ACTB</i> and <i>GAPDH</i>) was evaluated. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) technology was used to detect the expression level of candidate reference genes during goat BAT "whiting". Four algorithms: Normfinder, geNorm, ΔCt method, and BestKeeper, and two comprehensive algorithms: ComprFinder and RefFinder, were used to analyze the stability of each candidate reference genes. <i>GABARAP, CLTA, GAPDH</i>, and <i>ACTB</i> were identified as the most stable reference genes, while <i>CTNNB1, CTSB</i>, and <i>EIF3M</i> were the least stable. Moreover, two randomly selected target genes <i>IDH2</i> and <i>RBP4</i>, were effectively normalized using the selected most stable reference genes. These findings collectively suggest that <i>GABARAP, CLTA, GAPDH</i>, and <i>ACTB</i> are relatively stable reference genes that can potentially be used for the development of perirenal fat in goats.2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222025-05-29T21:51:06.934Z2025-05-29T21:51:06.934ZS-EPMC97124423646765410.3389/fvets.2022.1055866