biostudies-literatureUnknown17(12)Ahn JK<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the technical success rate and complications associated with percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) via percutaneous renal access behind the stone and renal calyx dilation in patients with complex renal stones.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>From January 2010 to February 2021, we identified 69 patients with 70 complex renal stones who underwent PCN. Complex renal stones were classified as simple (renal pelvis only) (27.1%, 19/70), borderline staghorn (8.6%, 6/70), partial staghorn (51.4%, 36/70), or complete staghorn (12.9%, 9/70). All PCNs were performed under ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance using one of two renal-entry techniques: puncture behind the stone (56%, 39/70) or renal calyx dilation (44%, 31/70). Then, we retrospectively evaluated the technical success rates and complications associated with each renal entry access technique.<h4>Results</h4>The overall technical success rate was 100%, and the complication rate was 20.0% (14/70). For those who underwent renal access behind the stone, the complication rate was 15.4% (6/39), and six patients (six PCNs) had transient gross hematuria. For those who underwent dilated renal calyx entry, the complication rate was 25.8% (8/31), and one patient had significant bleeding complications requiring transfusion. Furthermore, seven patients (seven PCNs) had transient gross hematuria. Overall, the complication rates did not differ between the technique groups (p = 0.279).<h4>Conclusion</h4>PCN for complex renal stones has a high technical success rate and an acceptable complication rate regardless of the specific technique. Renal entry behind the stone is as safe and feasible as approaching via a dilated renal calyx.PloS onee0278485https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9714915biostudies-literaturePercutaneous nephrostomy for complex renal stones: Percutaneous renal access behind the stone versus renal calyx dilation.PMC9714915Shin JHChoi DSJo SHChoi HYLee SHPark SEChoi HCChoi JHKim MJWon JHAhn JKfalsePercutaneous nephrostomy for complex renal stones: Percutaneous renal access behind the stone versus renal calyx dilation.<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the technical success rate and complications associated with percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) via percutaneous renal access behind the stone and renal calyx dilation in patients with complex renal stones.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>From January 2010 to February 2021, we identified 69 patients with 70 complex renal stones who underwent PCN. Complex renal stones were classified as simple (renal pelvis only) (27.1%, 19/70), borderline staghorn (8.6%, 6/70), partial staghorn (51.4%, 36/70), or complete staghorn (12.9%, 9/70). All PCNs were performed under ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance using one of two renal-entry techniques: puncture behind the stone (56%, 39/70) or renal calyx dilation (44%, 31/70). Then, we retrospectively evaluated the technical success rates and complications associated with each renal entry access technique.<h4>Results</h4>The overall technical success rate was 100%, and the complication rate was 20.0% (14/70). For those who underwent renal access behind the stone, the complication rate was 15.4% (6/39), and six patients (six PCNs) had transient gross hematuria. For those who underwent dilated renal calyx entry, the complication rate was 25.8% (8/31), and one patient had significant bleeding complications requiring transfusion. Furthermore, seven patients (seven PCNs) had transient gross hematuria. Overall, the complication rates did not differ between the technique groups (p = 0.279).<h4>Conclusion</h4>PCN for complex renal stones has a high technical success rate and an acceptable complication rate regardless of the specific technique. Renal entry behind the stone is as safe and feasible as approaching via a dilated renal calyx.2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222025-04-22T01:52:05.176Z2025-04-05T20:06:16.502ZS-EPMC97149153645485710.1371/journal.pone.0278485