biostudies-literatureUnknown19(23)Ho QBBenzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) are carcinogenic pollutants. However, the average concentration in 1 h of some pollutants belonging to BTEX, such as benzene, in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) is higher than the national standard QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT by about ten times. This research is the first to calculate the emission of BTEX for developing countries on a city scale. This paper developed a method to calculate cold emission factors based on hot emission factors for BTEX. Five spreadsheets developed and calculated these cold emission factors for five vehicle categories. A comprehensive emission inventory (EI) for BTEX was conducted in HCMC to determine the cause of BTEX pollution. An innovative methodology with bottom-up and top-down combination was applied to conduct BTEX EI, iInternational journal of environmental research and public health16156https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9738250biostudies-literatureAn Innovative Method for BTEX Emission Inventory and Development of Mitigation Measures in Developing Countries-A Case Study: Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.PMC9738250Nguyen TTHo QBVu HNKHuynh TTNfalseAn Innovative Method for BTEX Emission Inventory and Development of Mitigation Measures in Developing Countries-A Case Study: Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) are carcinogenic pollutants. However, the average concentration in 1 h of some pollutants belonging to BTEX, such as benzene, in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) is higher than the national standard QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT by about ten times. This research is the first to calculate the emission of BTEX for developing countries on a city scale. This paper developed a method to calculate cold emission factors based on hot emission factors for BTEX. Five spreadsheets developed and calculated these cold emission factors for five vehicle categories. A comprehensive emission inventory (EI) for BTEX was conducted in HCMC to determine the cause of BTEX pollution. An innovative methodology with bottom-up and top-down combination was applied to conduct BTEX EI, i2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Dec2025-04-20T03:30:59.705Z2025-04-20T03:30:59.705ZS-EPMC97382503649822610.3390/ijerph192316156