{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Verhulst CEM"],"funding":["Innovative Medicines Initiative","JDRF, International Diabetes Federation (IDF), The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust","European Union","EFPIA"],"pagination":["2716-2727"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9750956"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["71(12)"],"pubmed_abstract":["Iatrogenic hypoglycemia activates the immune system and is associated with an increased risk for atherosclerotic disease. We determined acute and long-term effects of insulin-induced hypoglycemia on inflammatory markers in humans with or without type 2 diabetes. A total of 15 adults with type 2 diabetes and 16 matched control subjects (17 men and 14 women, age 59.6 ± 7.1 years, BMI 28.5 ± 4.3 kg/m2) underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic (5.31 ± 0.32 mmol/L) hypoglycemic (2.80 ± 0.12 mmol/L) glucose clamp. Blood was drawn during euglycemia and hypoglycemia and 1, 3, and 7 days later to determine circulating immune cell composition, function, and inflammatory proteins. In response to hypoglycemia, absolute numbers of circulating lymphocytes and monocytes significantly increased and remained elevated for 1 week. The proportion of CD16+ monocytes increased, and the proportion of CD14+ monocytes decreased, which was sustained for 1 week in people without diabetes. During hypoglycemia, ex vivo stimulated monocytes released more tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1β, and less interleukin 10, particularly in people with diabetes. hs-CRP and 25 circulating inflammatory proteins increased, remaining significantly elevated 1 week after hypoglycemia. While levels at euglycemia differed, responses to hypoglycemia were broadly similar in people with or without type 2 diabetes. We conclude that hypoglycemia induces a proinflammatory response at the cellular and protein level that is sustained for 1 week in people with type 2 diabetes and control subjects."],"journal":["Diabetes"],"pubmed_title":["Sustained Proinflammatory Effects of Hypoglycemia in People With Type 2 Diabetes and in People Without Diabetes."],"pmcid":["PMC9750956"],"funding_grant_id":["777460"],"pubmed_authors":["van Heck JIP","de Galan BE","McCrimmon RJ","Tack CJ","Fabricius TW","Verhulst CEM","Stienstra R","Teerenstra S","Pedersen-Bjergaard U"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Sustained Proinflammatory Effects of Hypoglycemia in People With Type 2 Diabetes and in People Without Diabetes.","description":"Iatrogenic hypoglycemia activates the immune system and is associated with an increased risk for atherosclerotic disease. We determined acute and long-term effects of insulin-induced hypoglycemia on inflammatory markers in humans with or without type 2 diabetes. A total of 15 adults with type 2 diabetes and 16 matched control subjects (17 men and 14 women, age 59.6 ± 7.1 years, BMI 28.5 ± 4.3 kg/m2) underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic (5.31 ± 0.32 mmol/L) hypoglycemic (2.80 ± 0.12 mmol/L) glucose clamp. Blood was drawn during euglycemia and hypoglycemia and 1, 3, and 7 days later to determine circulating immune cell composition, function, and inflammatory proteins. In response to hypoglycemia, absolute numbers of circulating lymphocytes and monocytes significantly increased and remained elevated for 1 week. The proportion of CD16+ monocytes increased, and the proportion of CD14+ monocytes decreased, which was sustained for 1 week in people without diabetes. During hypoglycemia, ex vivo stimulated monocytes released more tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1β, and less interleukin 10, particularly in people with diabetes. hs-CRP and 25 circulating inflammatory proteins increased, remaining significantly elevated 1 week after hypoglycemia. While levels at euglycemia differed, responses to hypoglycemia were broadly similar in people with or without type 2 diabetes. We conclude that hypoglycemia induces a proinflammatory response at the cellular and protein level that is sustained for 1 week in people with type 2 diabetes and control subjects.","dates":{"release":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2022 Dec","modification":"2025-04-04T09:50:05.692Z","creation":"2025-02-19T01:17:08.138Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC9750956","cross_references":{"pubmed":["35848804"],"doi":["10.2337/db22-0246"]}}