biostudies-literatureUnknown13(1)Kilcullen PSingle-pixel imaging (SPI) has emerged as a powerful technique that uses coded wide-field illumination with sampling by a single-point detector. Most SPI systems are limited by the refresh rates of digital micromirror devices (DMDs) and time-consuming iterations in compressed-sensing (CS)-based reconstruction. Recent efforts in overcoming the speed limit in SPI, such as the use of fast-moving mechanical masks, suffer from low reconfigurability and/or reduced accuracy. To address these challenges, we develop SPI accelerated via swept aggregate patterns (SPI-ASAP) that combines a DMD with laser scanning hardware to achieve pattern projection rates of up to 14.1 MHz and tunable frame sizes of up to 101×103 pixels. Meanwhile, leveraging the structural properties of S-cyclic matrices, a lightweight CS reconstruction algorithm, fully compatible with parallel computing, is developed for real-time video streaming at 100 frames per second (fps). SPI-ASAP allows reconfigurable imaging in both transmission and reflection modes, dynamic imaging under strong ambient light, and offline ultrahigh-speed imaging at speeds of up to 12,000 fps.Nature communications7879https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9780349biostudies-literatureCompressed ultrahigh-speed single-pixel imaging by swept aggregate patterns.PMC9780349Kilcullen PLiang JOzaki TfalseCompressed ultrahigh-speed single-pixel imaging by swept aggregate patterns.Single-pixel imaging (SPI) has emerged as a powerful technique that uses coded wide-field illumination with sampling by a single-point detector. Most SPI systems are limited by the refresh rates of digital micromirror devices (DMDs) and time-consuming iterations in compressed-sensing (CS)-based reconstruction. Recent efforts in overcoming the speed limit in SPI, such as the use of fast-moving mechanical masks, suffer from low reconfigurability and/or reduced accuracy. To address these challenges, we develop SPI accelerated via swept aggregate patterns (SPI-ASAP) that combines a DMD with laser scanning hardware to achieve pattern projection rates of up to 14.1 MHz and tunable frame sizes of up to 101×103 pixels. Meanwhile, leveraging the structural properties of S-cyclic matrices, a lightweight CS reconstruction algorithm, fully compatible with parallel computing, is developed for real-time video streaming at 100 frames per second (fps). SPI-ASAP allows reconfigurable imaging in both transmission and reflection modes, dynamic imaging under strong ambient light, and offline ultrahigh-speed imaging at speeds of up to 12,000 fps.2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Dec2025-04-21T23:25:08.593Z2025-04-05T19:06:18.252ZS-EPMC97803493655015210.1038/s41467-022-35585-8