{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Moog MW"],"funding":["Carlsbergfondet","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","Innovationsfonden","Novo Nordisk Fonden","H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions"],"pagination":["1409-1421"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9804403"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["236(4)"],"pubmed_abstract":["Halophytes tolerate high salinity levels that would kill conventional crops. Understanding salt tolerance mechanisms will provide clues for breeding salt-tolerant plants. Many halophytes, such as quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), are covered by a layer of epidermal bladder cells (EBCs) that are thought to mediate salt tolerance by serving as salt dumps. We isolated an epidermal bladder cell-free (ebcf) quinoa mutant that completely lacked EBCs and was mutated in REBC and REBC-like1. This mutant showed no loss of salt stress tolerance. When wild-type quinoa plants were exposed to saline soil, EBCs accumulated potassium (K<sup>+</sup> ) as the major cation, in quantities far exceeding those of sodium (Na<sup>+</sup> ). Emerging leaves densely packed with EBCs had the lowest Na<sup>+</sup> content, whereas old leaves with deflated EBCs served as Na<sup>+</sup> sinks. When the leaves expanded, K<sup>+</sup> was recycled from EBCs, resulting in turgor loss that led to a progressive deflation of EBCs. Our findings suggest that EBCs in young leaves serve as a K<sup>+</sup> -powered hydrodynamic system that functions as a water sink for solute storage. Sodium ions accumulate within old leaves that subsequently wilt and are shed. This mechanism improves the survival of quinoa under high salinity conditions."],"journal":["The New phytologist"],"pubmed_title":["The epidermal bladder cell-free mutant of the salt-tolerant quinoa challenges our understanding of halophyte crop salinity tolerance."],"pmcid":["PMC9804403"],"funding_grant_id":["801199","2019OC53580","RH1640/44‐1","CF18‐1113","NNF19OC0056580"],"pubmed_authors":["Wendt T","Palmgren M","Moog MW","Wang C","Hedrich R","Bendtsen AK","Osterberg JT","Shabala S","Norrevang AF","Trinh MDL"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"The epidermal bladder cell-free mutant of the salt-tolerant quinoa challenges our understanding of halophyte crop salinity tolerance.","description":"Halophytes tolerate high salinity levels that would kill conventional crops. Understanding salt tolerance mechanisms will provide clues for breeding salt-tolerant plants. Many halophytes, such as quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), are covered by a layer of epidermal bladder cells (EBCs) that are thought to mediate salt tolerance by serving as salt dumps. We isolated an epidermal bladder cell-free (ebcf) quinoa mutant that completely lacked EBCs and was mutated in REBC and REBC-like1. This mutant showed no loss of salt stress tolerance. When wild-type quinoa plants were exposed to saline soil, EBCs accumulated potassium (K<sup>+</sup> ) as the major cation, in quantities far exceeding those of sodium (Na<sup>+</sup> ). Emerging leaves densely packed with EBCs had the lowest Na<sup>+</sup> content, whereas old leaves with deflated EBCs served as Na<sup>+</sup> sinks. When the leaves expanded, K<sup>+</sup> was recycled from EBCs, resulting in turgor loss that led to a progressive deflation of EBCs. Our findings suggest that EBCs in young leaves serve as a K<sup>+</sup> -powered hydrodynamic system that functions as a water sink for solute storage. Sodium ions accumulate within old leaves that subsequently wilt and are shed. This mechanism improves the survival of quinoa under high salinity conditions.","dates":{"release":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2022 Nov","modification":"2026-05-28T03:39:28.838Z","creation":"2025-04-06T08:17:05.423Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC9804403","cross_references":{"pubmed":["35927949"],"doi":["10.1111/nph.18420"]}}