biostudies-literatureUnknown128(1)Behar Harpaz S<h4>Background</h4>A national, lung cancer screening programme is under consideration in Australia, and we assessed cost-effectiveness using updated data and assumptions.<h4>Methods</h4>We estimated the cost-effectiveness of lung screening by applying screening parameters and outcomes from either the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) or the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (NELSON) to Australian data on lung cancer risk, mortality, health-system costs, and smoking trends using a deterministic, multi-cohort model. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated for a lifetime horizon.<h4>Results</h4>The ICER for lung screening compared to usual care in the NELSON-based scenario was AU$39,250 (95% CI $18,150-108,300) per quality-adjusted life year (QALY); lBritish journal of cancer91-101https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9814515biostudies-literatureUpdated cost-effectiveness analysis of lung cancer screening for Australia, capturing differences in the health economic impact of NELSON and NLST outcomes.PMC9814515Weber MFCanfell KWade SBehar Harpaz SZalcberg JRFong KMarshall HTammemagi MCCaruana MCressman SVaneckova PMcWilliams ANgo PJSarich PEAfalseUpdated cost-effectiveness analysis of lung cancer screening for Australia, capturing differences in the health economic impact of NELSON and NLST outcomes.<h4>Background</h4>A national, lung cancer screening programme is under consideration in Australia, and we assessed cost-effectiveness using updated data and assumptions.<h4>Methods</h4>We estimated the cost-effectiveness of lung screening by applying screening parameters and outcomes from either the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) or the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (NELSON) to Australian data on lung cancer risk, mortality, health-system costs, and smoking trends using a deterministic, multi-cohort model. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated for a lifetime horizon.<h4>Results</h4>The ICER for lung screening compared to usual care in the NELSON-based scenario was AU$39,250 (95% CI $18,150-108,300) per quality-adjusted life year (QALY); l2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jan2025-04-04T12:37:45.183Z2025-04-04T12:37:45.183ZS-EPMC98145153632387910.1038/s41416-022-02026-8