biostudies-literatureWang QNatural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaChina Postdoctoral Science FoundationYouth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities432https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9823828biostudies-literatureUnknown28(1)Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>), with facile synthesis, unique structure, high stability, and low cost, has been the hotspot in the field of photocatalysis. However, the photocatalytic performance of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> is still unsatisfactory due to insufficient capture of visible light, low surface area, poor electronic conductivity, and fast recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Thus, different modification strategies have been developed to improve its performance. In this review, the properties and preparation methods of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> are systematically introduced, and various modification approaches, including morphology control, elemental doping, heterojunction construction, and modification with nanomaterials, are discusMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)Recent Advances in g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-Based Materials and Their Application in Energy and Environmental Sustainability.PMC98238282023-JC-QN-01222019JC-33Z192572021GY-247 and 2019JC-332021GY-247222741282022MD723840Ai GHuang FLi YZheng YWang QZhao BZhang ZSong SXin XfalseRecent Advances in g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-Based Materials and Their Application in Energy and Environmental Sustainability.Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>), with facile synthesis, unique structure, high stability, and low cost, has been the hotspot in the field of photocatalysis. However, the photocatalytic performance of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> is still unsatisfactory due to insufficient capture of visible light, low surface area, poor electronic conductivity, and fast recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Thus, different modification strategies have been developed to improve its performance. In this review, the properties and preparation methods of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> are systematically introduced, and various modification approaches, including morphology control, elemental doping, heterojunction construction, and modification with nanomaterials, are discus2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jan2025-06-01T02:35:35.283Z2024-11-15T07:50:17.655ZS-EPMC98238283661562210.3390/molecules28010432