biostudies-literatureUnknown8(1)Azzazy HMEThis work aims to develop and optimize blended polylactide-<i>co</i>-glycolide (PLGA) and poly(ε-caprolactone, PCL) loaded with <i>Boswellia sacra</i> oil (BO) to improve BO's physicochemical properties and anti-breast cancer effects <i>via</i> enhancing apoptosis. In this context, BO was extracted from <i>B. sacra</i> oleo gum resins (BO) <i>via</i> hydrodistillation and chemically characterized by evaluating its essential oil's composition using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Then, BO/PLGA-PCL NPs were formulated using the emulsion (O/W) solvent evaporation technique using a PLGA-PCL mixture at five different ratios (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 1:2, and 1:3, respectively). The optimized NPs had a spherical morphology with no agglomerations and the lowest hydrodynamic size (230.3 ± 3.7 nm) and polydispersity index (0.13 ± 0.03) and the highest ζ potential (-20.36 ± 4.89 mV), as compared to the rest of the formulas. PLGA-PCL NPs could entrap 80.59 ± 3.37% of the BO and exhibited a controlled, sustained release of BO (83.74 ± 3.34%) over 72 h. Encapsulating BO in the form of BO/PLGA-PCL NPs resulted in a lower IC₅₀ value as assessed by the MTT assay. Furthermore and upon assessing the apoptotic effect of both BO and BO/PLGA-PCL NPs, there was an increase in the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cell percentages compared to the control and free BO. Encapsulation of BO in PLGA-PCL NPs doubled the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells exerted by free BO. These findings support the potential use of BO/PLGA-PCL NPs in treating breast cancer.ACS omega1017-1025https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9835537biostudies-literatureEssential Oils Extracted from <i>Boswellia sacra</i> Oleo Gum Resin Loaded into PLGA-PCL Nanoparticles: Enhanced Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects against Breast Cancer Cells.PMC9835537Elhusseiny MSawy AMMahdy NKShamma SNAzzazy HMEAl Mulla HAbdelnaser AAlwahibi SFahmy SAfalseEssential Oils Extracted from <i>Boswellia sacra</i> Oleo Gum Resin Loaded into PLGA-PCL Nanoparticles: Enhanced Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects against Breast Cancer Cells.This work aims to develop and optimize blended polylactide-<i>co</i>-glycolide (PLGA) and poly(ε-caprolactone, PCL) loaded with <i>Boswellia sacra</i> oil (BO) to improve BO's physicochemical properties and anti-breast cancer effects <i>via</i> enhancing apoptosis. In this context, BO was extracted from <i>B. sacra</i> oleo gum resins (BO) <i>via</i> hydrodistillation and chemically characterized by evaluating its essential oil's composition using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Then, BO/PLGA-PCL NPs were formulated using the emulsion (O/W) solvent evaporation technique using a PLGA-PCL mixture at five different ratios (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 1:2, and 1:3, respectively). The optimized NPs had a spherical morphology with no agglomerations and the lowest hydrodynamic size (230.3 ± 3.7 nm) and polydispersity index (0.13 ± 0.03) and the highest ζ potential (-20.36 ± 4.89 mV), as compared to the rest of the formulas. PLGA-PCL NPs could entrap 80.59 ± 3.37% of the BO and exhibited a controlled, sustained release of BO (83.74 ± 3.34%) over 72 h. Encapsulating BO in the form of BO/PLGA-PCL NPs resulted in a lower IC₅₀ value as assessed by the MTT assay. Furthermore and upon assessing the apoptotic effect of both BO and BO/PLGA-PCL NPs, there was an increase in the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cell percentages compared to the control and free BO. Encapsulation of BO in PLGA-PCL NPs doubled the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells exerted by free BO. These findings support the potential use of BO/PLGA-PCL NPs in treating breast cancer.2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jan2025-04-18T13:24:46.523Z2025-04-06T23:04:00.616ZS-EPMC98355373664348910.1021/acsomega.2c06390