biostudies-literatureUnknown8(4)Sorling ARegion Stockholm<h4>Introduction</h4>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for acquiring severe COVID-19, but underlying mechanisms are unknown. We aimed to study the risk associated with CKD for severe COVID-19 outcomes in relation to body mass index (BMI) and diabetes because they are common risk factors for both CKD and severe COVID-19.<h4>Methods</h4>This nationwide case-control study with data from mandatory national registries included 4684 patients (cases) admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) requiring mechanical ventilation and 46,840 population-based controls matched by age, sex, and district of residency. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between severe COVID-19 and exposures with adjustment for confounders, in subgroups by BMI, and matched by type 2 diabetes.<h4>Results</h4>The median age was 64 years, and 27.7% were female. CKD was observed in 5.4% of the cases and 1.5% of the controls, whereas 1.9% and 0.3% had end-stage CKD, respectively. CKD was associated with severe COVID-19 (OR, 2.20 [95% CI, 1.85-2.62]), continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in ICU (OR, 7.36 [95% CI, 5.39-10.05]), and death any time after ICU admission (OR, 2.51 [95% CI, 1.96-3.22]). The risk associated with CKD for severe COVID-19 did not differ significantly by weight but was higher in those without diabetes (OR, 2.76 [95% CI, 2.15-3.55]) than in those with diabetes (OR, 1.88 [95% CI, 1.37-2.59]).<h4>Conclusion</h4>CKD, especially end-stage CKD, is an important risk factor for severe COVID-19 and death after ICU admission also in patients with normal BMI and without type 2 diabetes.Kidney international reports775-784https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9840229biostudies-literatureAssociation Between CKD, Obesity, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Severe COVID-19 Outcomes.PMC9840229Sorling AHabel HNordberg PHofmann RSvensson PfalseAssociation Between CKD, Obesity, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Severe COVID-19 Outcomes.<h4>Introduction</h4>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for acquiring severe COVID-19, but underlying mechanisms are unknown. We aimed to study the risk associated with CKD for severe COVID-19 outcomes in relation to body mass index (BMI) and diabetes because they are common risk factors for both CKD and severe COVID-19.<h4>Methods</h4>This nationwide case-control study with data from mandatory national registries included 4684 patients (cases) admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) requiring mechanical ventilation and 46,840 population-based controls matched by age, sex, and district of residency. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between severe COVID-19 and exposures with adjustment for confounders, in subgroups by BMI, and matched by type 2 diabetes.<h4>Results</h4>The median age was 64 years, and 27.7% were female. CKD was observed in 5.4% of the cases and 1.5% of the controls, whereas 1.9% and 0.3% had end-stage CKD, respectively. CKD was associated with severe COVID-19 (OR, 2.20 [95% CI, 1.85-2.62]), continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in ICU (OR, 7.36 [95% CI, 5.39-10.05]), and death any time after ICU admission (OR, 2.51 [95% CI, 1.96-3.22]). The risk associated with CKD for severe COVID-19 did not differ significantly by weight but was higher in those without diabetes (OR, 2.76 [95% CI, 2.15-3.55]) than in those with diabetes (OR, 1.88 [95% CI, 1.37-2.59]).<h4>Conclusion</h4>CKD, especially end-stage CKD, is an important risk factor for severe COVID-19 and death after ICU admission also in patients with normal BMI and without type 2 diabetes.2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Apr2025-04-27T02:32:01.126Z2025-02-18T23:37:36.078ZS-EPMC98402293668573410.1016/j.ekir.2023.01.010