biostudies-literatureThompson LENCATS NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHSNHGRI NIH HHSNational Institutes of Health585-599https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9852362biostudies-literatureUnknown113(3)Oral anticoagulants (OACs) are commonly used to reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism and the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Endorsed by the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and the European Society of Cardiology, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have displaced warfarin as the OAC of choice for both conditions, due to improved safety profiles, fewer drug-drug and drug-diet interactions, and lack of monitoring requirements. Despite their widespread use and improved safety over warfarin, DOAC-related bleeding remains a major concern for patients. DOACs have stable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics; however, variability in DOAC response is common and may be attributed to numerous factors, including patient-specific factors, concomitanClinical pharmacology and therapeuticsPersonalizing Direct Oral Anticoagulant Therapy for a Diverse Population: Role of Race, Kidney Function, Drug Interactions, and Pharmacogenetics.PMC9852362R01 HL092173K24 HL133373KL2 TR003097KL2TR003097R01HL092173K24HL133373T32 HG008961T32HG008961Thompson LEDavis BHLimdi NANarayan RGoff BBrown TMfalsePersonalizing Direct Oral Anticoagulant Therapy for a Diverse Population: Role of Race, Kidney Function, Drug Interactions, and Pharmacogenetics.Oral anticoagulants (OACs) are commonly used to reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism and the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Endorsed by the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and the European Society of Cardiology, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have displaced warfarin as the OAC of choice for both conditions, due to improved safety profiles, fewer drug-drug and drug-diet interactions, and lack of monitoring requirements. Despite their widespread use and improved safety over warfarin, DOAC-related bleeding remains a major concern for patients. DOACs have stable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics; however, variability in DOAC response is common and may be attributed to numerous factors, including patient-specific factors, concomitan2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Mar2026-06-01T17:21:49.594Z2025-04-03T23:49:46.165ZS-EPMC98523623585781410.1002/cpt.2714