biostudies-literatureUnknown13Li GNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaThe Qinghai Province of China is located in the northeast region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and carries abundant yak genetic resources. Previous investigations of archaeological records, mitochondrial DNA, and Y chromosomal markers have suggested that Qinghai was the major center of yak domestication. In the present study, we examined the genomic diversity, differentiation, and selection signatures of 113 Qinghai yak, including 42 newly sequenced Qinghai yak and 71 publicly available individuals, from nine yak breeds/populations (wild, Datong, Huanhu, Xueduo, Yushu, Qilian, Geermu, Tongde, and Huzhu white) using high-depth whole-genome resequencing data. We observed that most of Qinghai yak breeds/populations have abundant genomic diversity based on four genomic parameters (nucleFrontiers in genetics1034094https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9871260biostudies-literatureWhole-genome resequencing reveals genetic diversity, differentiation, and selection signatures of yak breeds/populations in Qinghai, China.PMC9871260Li GAhmed ZLuo JXu DWang FMa ZLi RChen SfalseWhole-genome resequencing reveals genetic diversity, differentiation, and selection signatures of yak breeds/populations in Qinghai, China.The Qinghai Province of China is located in the northeast region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and carries abundant yak genetic resources. Previous investigations of archaeological records, mitochondrial DNA, and Y chromosomal markers have suggested that Qinghai was the major center of yak domestication. In the present study, we examined the genomic diversity, differentiation, and selection signatures of 113 Qinghai yak, including 42 newly sequenced Qinghai yak and 71 publicly available individuals, from nine yak breeds/populations (wild, Datong, Huanhu, Xueduo, Yushu, Qilian, Geermu, Tongde, and Huzhu white) using high-depth whole-genome resequencing data. We observed that most of Qinghai yak breeds/populations have abundant genomic diversity based on four genomic parameters (nucle2022-01-01T00:00:00Z20222026-04-08T10:52:56.883Z2025-04-04T11:26:10.478ZS-EPMC98712603670433710.3389/fgene.2022.1034094