biostudies-literatureWu IWMinistry of Science and TechnologyChang Gung Memorial Hospital78-89https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9871851biostudies-literatureUnknown16(1)<h4>Background</h4>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is pathologically correlated with a sophisticated milieu of innate and adaptive immune dysregulation, but the underlying immunological disturbances remain poorly understood.<h4>Methods</h4>To address this, we comprehensively interrogated cellular and soluble elements of the immune system by using high-dimensional flow cytometry to analyze peripheral blood mononuclear cells and performing cytokine/chemokine profiling of serum samples, respectively, in a cohort of 69 patients and 19 non-CKD controls.<h4>Results</h4>Altered serum levels of several cytokines/chemokines were identified, among which concentrations of stem cell factor (SCF) were found to be elevated with the progression of CKD and inversely correlated with estimated glomerular filtrClinical kidney journalDeep immune profiling of patients with renal impairment unveils distinct immunotypes associated with disease severity.PMC9871851CMRPG2J024BMRPE97CORPG3K0251MOST-109-2320-B-182A-017CMRPG2M0201CRRPG2H0124MOST-110-2314-B-182A-053-MY3MOST-110-2320-B-182A-012-MY3CMRPG2C0342Twu YCChung WHChang YLHsieh WPChang LCHsu CKSu SCWu YLYang CWYang HYWu IWfalseDeep immune profiling of patients with renal impairment unveils distinct immunotypes associated with disease severity.<h4>Background</h4>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is pathologically correlated with a sophisticated milieu of innate and adaptive immune dysregulation, but the underlying immunological disturbances remain poorly understood.<h4>Methods</h4>To address this, we comprehensively interrogated cellular and soluble elements of the immune system by using high-dimensional flow cytometry to analyze peripheral blood mononuclear cells and performing cytokine/chemokine profiling of serum samples, respectively, in a cohort of 69 patients and 19 non-CKD controls.<h4>Results</h4>Altered serum levels of several cytokines/chemokines were identified, among which concentrations of stem cell factor (SCF) were found to be elevated with the progression of CKD and inversely correlated with estimated glomerular filtr2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jan2026-07-09T13:24:19.271Z2025-04-06T02:20:29.203ZS-EPMC98718513672644010.1093/ckj/sfac196