biostudies-literatureUnknownLyden JRNIDA NIH HHSNational Institute on Drug Abuse<h4>Background</h4>Individuals prescribed long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) have increased risk of readmission and death after hospital discharge. The risk of opioid overdose during the immediate post-discharge time period is unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the association between time since hospital discharge and opioid overdose among individuals prescribed LTOT.<h4>Design</h4>Self-controlled risk interval analysis.<h4>Participants</h4>Adults prescribed LTOT with at least one hospital discharge at a safety-net health system and a non-profit healthcare organization in Colorado.<h4>Main measures</h4>We identified individuals prescribed LTOT who were discharged from January 2006 through June 2019. The outcome was a composite of fatal and non-fatal opioid overdoses during a 90-day post-discharge observation period, identified using electronic health record (EHR) and vital statistics data. Risk intervals included days 0-6 after index and subsequent hospital discharges. Control intervals ranged from days 7 to 89 after index discharge and included all other time during the observation period that did not fall within a risk interval or time readmitted during a subsequent hospitalization, which was excluded. Poisson regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overdose events during risk in comparison to control intervals.<h4>Key results</h4>We identified 7695 adults (63.3% over 55 years, 59.4% female, 20.3% Hispanic) who experienced 9499 total discharges during the study period. Twenty-one overdoses occurred during their observation periods (1174 per 100,000 person-years [9 in risk, 12 in control]). Overdose risk was significantly higher during the risk interval in comparison to the control interval (IRR 6.92; 95% CI 2.92-16.43).<h4>Conclusion</h4>During the first 7 days after hospital discharge, individuals prescribed LTOT appear to be at elevated risk for opioid overdose. Clarifying mechanisms of overdose risk may help inform in-hospital and post-discharge prevention strategies.Journal of general internal medicinehttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9876414biostudies-literatureOpioid Overdose Risk Following Hospital Discharge Among Individuals Prescribed Long-Term Opioid Therapy: a Risk Interval Analysis.PMC9876414R01DDA047537Binswanger IALyden JRXu SNarwaney KJGlanz JMfalseOpioid Overdose Risk Following Hospital Discharge Among Individuals Prescribed Long-Term Opioid Therapy: a Risk Interval Analysis.<h4>Background</h4>Individuals prescribed long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) have increased risk of readmission and death after hospital discharge. The risk of opioid overdose during the immediate post-discharge time period is unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the association between time since hospital discharge and opioid overdose among individuals prescribed LTOT.<h4>Design</h4>Self-controlled risk interval analysis.<h4>Participants</h4>Adults prescribed LTOT with at least one hospital discharge at a safety-net health system and a non-profit healthcare organization in Colorado.<h4>Main measures</h4>We identified individuals prescribed LTOT who were discharged from January 2006 through June 2019. The outcome was a composite of fatal and non-fatal opioid overdoses during a 90-day post-discharge observation period, identified using electronic health record (EHR) and vital statistics data. Risk intervals included days 0-6 after index and subsequent hospital discharges. Control intervals ranged from days 7 to 89 after index discharge and included all other time during the observation period that did not fall within a risk interval or time readmitted during a subsequent hospitalization, which was excluded. Poisson regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overdose events during risk in comparison to control intervals.<h4>Key results</h4>We identified 7695 adults (63.3% over 55 years, 59.4% female, 20.3% Hispanic) who experienced 9499 total discharges during the study period. Twenty-one overdoses occurred during their observation periods (1174 per 100,000 person-years [9 in risk, 12 in control]). Overdose risk was significantly higher during the risk interval in comparison to the control interval (IRR 6.92; 95% CI 2.92-16.43).<h4>Conclusion</h4>During the first 7 days after hospital discharge, individuals prescribed LTOT appear to be at elevated risk for opioid overdose. Clarifying mechanisms of overdose risk may help inform in-hospital and post-discharge prevention strategies.2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jan2025-04-26T17:18:50.243Z2025-04-06T15:30:27.4ZS-EPMC98764143669793010.1007/s11606-022-08014-1