biostudies-literatureHuang JCoalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI)Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations1455-1464https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9878482biostudies-literatureUnknown415(8)COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and remains one of the biggest pandemics around the world since 2019. Vaccination has proved to be an effective way of preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and alleviating the hospitalization burden. Among different forms of COVID-19 vaccine design, the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 virus is widely used as a candidate vaccine antigen. As a surface protein on the virus envelop, the spike was reported to be heavily N-glycosylated and glycosylation had a great impact on its immunogenicity and efficacy. Besides, N-glycosylation might vary greatly on different expression systems and sequence variant designs. Therefore, comprehensive analysis of spike N-glycosylation is of great significance for better vaccine understanding and quality control. In this study, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistryIn-depth characterization of protein N-glycosylation for a COVID-19 variant-design vaccine spike protein.PMC9878482RRZE2101Huang JZhou CAn JHou SfalseIn-depth characterization of protein N-glycosylation for a COVID-19 variant-design vaccine spike protein.COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and remains one of the biggest pandemics around the world since 2019. Vaccination has proved to be an effective way of preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and alleviating the hospitalization burden. Among different forms of COVID-19 vaccine design, the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 virus is widely used as a candidate vaccine antigen. As a surface protein on the virus envelop, the spike was reported to be heavily N-glycosylated and glycosylation had a great impact on its immunogenicity and efficacy. Besides, N-glycosylation might vary greatly on different expression systems and sequence variant designs. Therefore, comprehensive analysis of spike N-glycosylation is of great significance for better vaccine understanding and quality control. In this study, 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Mar2026-05-28T03:48:11.626Z2024-12-03T21:40:31.079ZS-EPMC98784823669804510.1007/s00216-023-04533-w