biostudies-literatureUnknownChen DYNCATS NIH HHSNIMH NIH HHSNINDS NIH HHSFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely used to understand the neurodevelopmental changes that occur in cognition and behavior across childhood. The blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal obtained from fMRI is understood to be comprised of both neuronal and vascular information. However, it is unclear whether the vascular response is altered across age in studies investigating development in children. Since the breath-hold task is commonly used to understand cerebrovascular reactivity in fMRI studies, it can be used to account for developmental differences in vascular response. This study examines how the cerebrovascular response changes over age in a longitudinal children's breath-hold dataset from the Nathan Kline Institute (NKI) Rockland Sample (ages 6 to 18 yeabioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2023.01.05.522905https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9881997biostudies-literatureCerebrovascular reactivity increases across development in multiple networks as revealed by a breath-holding task: a longitudinal fMRI study.PMC9881997R15 MH125332TL1 TR003019RF1 NS124778Biswal BChen DYDi XfalseCerebrovascular reactivity increases across development in multiple networks as revealed by a breath-holding task: a longitudinal fMRI study.Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely used to understand the neurodevelopmental changes that occur in cognition and behavior across childhood. The blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal obtained from fMRI is understood to be comprised of both neuronal and vascular information. However, it is unclear whether the vascular response is altered across age in studies investigating development in children. Since the breath-hold task is commonly used to understand cerebrovascular reactivity in fMRI studies, it can be used to account for developmental differences in vascular response. This study examines how the cerebrovascular response changes over age in a longitudinal children's breath-hold dataset from the Nathan Kline Institute (NKI) Rockland Sample (ages 6 to 18 yea2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jul2026-04-28T03:18:07.671Z2025-04-04T03:20:27.46ZS-EPMC98819973671202910.1101/2023.01.05.522905