biostudies-literatureHaberman YI-CORE programEuropean Research CouncilIsrael Science Foundation2007https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9898251biostudies-literatureUnknown13(1)We aimed to determine microbial signature linked with lung cancer (LC) diagnosis and to define taxa linked with durable clinical benefit (DCB) of advanced LC patients. Stool samples for microbial 16S amplicon sequencing and clinical data were collected from 75 LC patients (50 of which were treated with checkpoint inhibitors) and 31 matched healthy volunteers. We compared LC to healthy controls and patients with DCB to those without. LC patients had lower α-diversity and higher between-subject diversity. Random Forests model to differentiate LC cases from controls ROC-AUC was 0.74. Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii taxa abundance was decreased in LC compared to controls. High Akkermansia muciniphila correlated with DCB (HR 4.26, 95% CI 1.98-9.16), not only forScientific reportsGut microbial signature in lung cancer patients highlights specific taxa as predictors for durable clinical benefit.PMC9898251908/1541/11758313Daniel-Meshulam IKamer IEfroni GHaberman YLobachov AAmir AGantz-Sorotsky HBraun TBar JUrban DHadar RGoldenberg SDaher SfalseGut microbial signature in lung cancer patients highlights specific taxa as predictors for durable clinical benefit.We aimed to determine microbial signature linked with lung cancer (LC) diagnosis and to define taxa linked with durable clinical benefit (DCB) of advanced LC patients. Stool samples for microbial 16S amplicon sequencing and clinical data were collected from 75 LC patients (50 of which were treated with checkpoint inhibitors) and 31 matched healthy volunteers. We compared LC to healthy controls and patients with DCB to those without. LC patients had lower α-diversity and higher between-subject diversity. Random Forests model to differentiate LC cases from controls ROC-AUC was 0.74. Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii taxa abundance was decreased in LC compared to controls. High Akkermansia muciniphila correlated with DCB (HR 4.26, 95% CI 1.98-9.16), not only for2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Feb2026-05-29T05:24:28.369Z2024-11-20T08:06:27.802ZS-EPMC98982513673765410.1038/s41598-023-29136-4