biostudies-literatureUnknownLowe JRNIDA NIH HHSNIAAA NIH HHS<h4>Background</h4>With significant increases in opioid use/misuse and persistent high prevalence of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), identifying infants at risk for long-term developmental sequelae due to these exposures remains an urgent need. This study reports on developmental outcomes in young children from a prospective cohort, ENRICH-1, which recruited pregnant women and followed up maternal-infant pairs.<h4>Methods</h4>Subjects were assigned to four study groups based on prenatal use of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), PAE, MOUD+PAE, and unexposed controls (UC). Mixed effects modeling was used to evaluate changes in the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (BSID-III) Cognitive, Language, and Motor scores between 6 and 20 months.<h4>Results</h4>There was a significant Pediatric researchhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9911560biostudies-literatureEarly developmental trajectory of children with prenatal alcohol and opioid exposure.PMC9911560R01 AA021771R34 DA050237Roberts MHStephen JMDiDomenico JRodriguez DELowe JRBakhireva LNfalseEarly developmental trajectory of children with prenatal alcohol and opioid exposure.<h4>Background</h4>With significant increases in opioid use/misuse and persistent high prevalence of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), identifying infants at risk for long-term developmental sequelae due to these exposures remains an urgent need. This study reports on developmental outcomes in young children from a prospective cohort, ENRICH-1, which recruited pregnant women and followed up maternal-infant pairs.<h4>Methods</h4>Subjects were assigned to four study groups based on prenatal use of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), PAE, MOUD+PAE, and unexposed controls (UC). Mixed effects modeling was used to evaluate changes in the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (BSID-III) Cognitive, Language, and Motor scores between 6 and 20 months.<h4>Results</h4>There was a significant 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Aug2025-04-19T22:26:01.075Z2025-04-19T22:26:01.075ZS-EPMC99115603594860610.1038/s41390-022-02252-z