biostudies-literatureXia XResearch Grants Council, University Grants CommitteeResearch Grants Council, University Grants Committee (RGC, UGC)1023https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9950355biostudies-literatureUnknown14(1)Surface wear is a major hindrance in the solid/solid interface of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), severely affecting their output performance and stability. To reduce the mechanical input and surface wear, solid/liquid-interface alternatives have been investigated; however, charge generation capability is still lower than that in previously reported solid/solid-interface TENGs. Thus, achieving triboelectric interface with high surface charge generation capability and low surface wear remains a technological challenge. Here, we employ metallic glass as one triboelectric interface and show it can enhance the triboelectrification efficiency by up to 339.2%, with improved output performance. Through mechanical and electrical characterizations, we show that metallic glass presents a lower friction coefficient and better wear resistance, as compared with copper. Attributed to their low atomic density and the absence of grain boundaries, all samples show a higher triboelectrification efficiency than copper. Additionally, the devices demonstrate excellent humidity resistance. Under different gas pressures, we also show that metallic glass-based triboelectric nanogenerators can approach the theoretical limit of charge generation, exceeding that of Cu-based TENG by 35.2%. A peak power density of 15 MW·m^-2 is achieved. In short, this work demonstrates a humidity- and wear-resistant metallic glass-based TENG with high triboelectrification efficiency.Nature communicationsMetallic glass-based triboelectric nanogenerators.PMC9950355CityU1121311814202121CityU11200719Xia XZi YYang YShang YZhou ZfalseMetallic glass-based triboelectric nanogenerators.Surface wear is a major hindrance in the solid/solid interface of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), severely affecting their output performance and stability. To reduce the mechanical input and surface wear, solid/liquid-interface alternatives have been investigated; however, charge generation capability is still lower than that in previously reported solid/solid-interface TENGs. Thus, achieving triboelectric interface with high surface charge generation capability and low surface wear remains a technological challenge. Here, we employ metallic glass as one triboelectric interface and show it can enhance the triboelectrification efficiency by up to 339.2%, with improved output performance. Through mechanical and electrical characterizations, we show that metallic glass presents a lower friction coefficient and better wear resistance, as compared with copper. Attributed to their low atomic density and the absence of grain boundaries, all samples show a higher triboelectrification efficiency than copper. Additionally, the devices demonstrate excellent humidity resistance. Under different gas pressures, we also show that metallic glass-based triboelectric nanogenerators can approach the theoretical limit of charge generation, exceeding that of Cu-based TENG by 35.2%. A peak power density of 15 MW·m^-2 is achieved. In short, this work demonstrates a humidity- and wear-resistant metallic glass-based TENG with high triboelectrification efficiency.2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Feb2026-03-15T16:09:02.675Z2025-04-05T13:21:34.285ZS-EPMC99503553682329610.1038/s41467-023-36675-x