biostudies-literatureTian YMedical Research Project of the Innovation Capability Enhancement Plan of Xi’anBoost Program Research Project of Xijing HospitalNational Natural Science Foundation 579 of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China546https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9960671biostudies-literatureUnknown15(2)Urologic cancers, particularly kidney, bladder, and prostate cancer, have a growing incidence and account for about a million annual deaths worldwide. Treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy, and immunotherapy are the main therapeutic options in urologic cancers. Immunotherapy is now a clinical reality with marked success in solid tumors. Immunological checkpoint blockade, non-specific activation of the immune system, adoptive cell therapy, and tumor vaccine are the main modalities of immunotherapy. Immunotherapy has long been used to treat urologic cancers; however, dose-limiting toxicities and low response rates remain major challenges in the clinic. Herein, nanomaterial-based platforms are utilized as the "savior". The combination of nanotechnology witPharmaceuticsNanomedicine for Combination Urologic Cancer Immunotherapy.PMC996067121YXYJ0107No.8217312131700818XJZT21L0982173121Liu ZZhu ZTian YWang FWang XWang JLi LfalseNanomedicine for Combination Urologic Cancer Immunotherapy.Urologic cancers, particularly kidney, bladder, and prostate cancer, have a growing incidence and account for about a million annual deaths worldwide. Treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy, and immunotherapy are the main therapeutic options in urologic cancers. Immunotherapy is now a clinical reality with marked success in solid tumors. Immunological checkpoint blockade, non-specific activation of the immune system, adoptive cell therapy, and tumor vaccine are the main modalities of immunotherapy. Immunotherapy has long been used to treat urologic cancers; however, dose-limiting toxicities and low response rates remain major challenges in the clinic. Herein, nanomaterial-based platforms are utilized as the "savior". The combination of nanotechnology wit2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Feb2025-04-05T07:24:33.04Z2025-04-05T07:24:33.04ZS-EPMC99606713683986810.3390/pharmaceutics15020546