biostudies-literatureUnknown15(2)Amaro FXAflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) is a mycotoxin known to impair human and animal health. It is also believed to have a deleterious effect on ruminal nutrient digestibility under in vitro batch culture systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing the dose of AFB₁ on ruminal dry matter and nutrient digestibility, fermentation profile, and N flows using a dual-flow continuous culture system fed a diet formulated for lactating dairy cows. Eight fermenter vessels were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 10 d periods (7 d adaptation and 3 d sample collection). Treatments were randomly applied to fermenters on diet DM basis: (1) 0 μg of AFB₁/kg of DM (Control); (2) 50 μg of AFB₁/kg of DM (AF50); (3) 100 μgToxins90https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9964898biostudies-literatureThe Effects of Incremental Doses of Aflatoxin B₁ on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Profile of a Lactating Dairy Cow Diet in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture System.PMC9964898Agustinho BCPech-Cervantes AFaciola APLobo RRVyas DArriola KJiang YAmaro FXTomaz LAdesogan ATArce-Cordero JAPupo MRBennett SLVinyard JRfalseThe Effects of Incremental Doses of Aflatoxin B₁ on In Vitro Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility and Fermentation Profile of a Lactating Dairy Cow Diet in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture System.Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) is a mycotoxin known to impair human and animal health. It is also believed to have a deleterious effect on ruminal nutrient digestibility under in vitro batch culture systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing the dose of AFB₁ on ruminal dry matter and nutrient digestibility, fermentation profile, and N flows using a dual-flow continuous culture system fed a diet formulated for lactating dairy cows. Eight fermenter vessels were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 10 d periods (7 d adaptation and 3 d sample collection). Treatments were randomly applied to fermenters on diet DM basis: (1) 0 μg of AFB₁/kg of DM (Control); (2) 50 μg of AFB₁/kg of DM (AF50); (3) 100 μg2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jan2025-08-18T09:52:27.055Z2025-08-18T09:52:27.055ZS-EPMC99648983682840510.3390/toxins15020090