biostudies-literatureDistaso MAMEC | Agencia Estatal de InvestigaciónUKRI | Natural Environment Research CouncilLlywodraeth CymruMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónEC | European Regional Development FundEC | Horizon 2020 Framework ProgrammeNatural Environment Research Councile0170422https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9972953biostudies-literatureUnknown89(2)Hydrothermal vents are geographically widespread and host microorganisms with robust enzymes useful in various industrial applications. We examined microbial communities and carboxylesterases of two terrestrial hydrothermal vents of the volcanic island of Ischia (Italy) predominantly composed of <i>Firmicutes</i>, <i>Proteobacteria</i>, and <i>Bacteroidota</i>. High-temperature enrichment cultures with the polyester plastics polyhydroxybutyrate and polylactic acid (PLA) resulted in an increase of <i>Thermus</i> and <i>Geobacillus</i> species and to some extent <i>Fontimonas</i> and <i>Schleiferia</i> species. The screening at 37 to 70°C of metagenomic fosmid libraries from above enrichment cultures identified three hydrolases (IS10, IS11, and IS12), all derived from yet-uncultured <i>ChlorApplied and environmental microbiologyThermophilic Carboxylesterases from Hydrothermal Vents of the Volcanic Island of Ischia Active on Synthetic and Biobased Polymers and Mycotoxins.PMC9972953NE/S004548/110.13039/501100011033BioPol4Life810280101000327Savchenko ACoscolin CBargiela RDistaso MAChernikova TNYakimov MMLunev EAEvdokimova EGolyshina OVPlou FJStogios PLemak SGonzalez-Alfonso JLYakunin AFKhusnutdinova ANGolyshin PNFerrer MfalseThermophilic Carboxylesterases from Hydrothermal Vents of the Volcanic Island of Ischia Active on Synthetic and Biobased Polymers and Mycotoxins.Hydrothermal vents are geographically widespread and host microorganisms with robust enzymes useful in various industrial applications. We examined microbial communities and carboxylesterases of two terrestrial hydrothermal vents of the volcanic island of Ischia (Italy) predominantly composed of <i>Firmicutes</i>, <i>Proteobacteria</i>, and <i>Bacteroidota</i>. High-temperature enrichment cultures with the polyester plastics polyhydroxybutyrate and polylactic acid (PLA) resulted in an increase of <i>Thermus</i> and <i>Geobacillus</i> species and to some extent <i>Fontimonas</i> and <i>Schleiferia</i> species. The screening at 37 to 70°C of metagenomic fosmid libraries from above enrichment cultures identified three hydrolases (IS10, IS11, and IS12), all derived from yet-uncultured <i>Chlor2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Feb2026-06-14T06:26:00.335Z2025-02-19T04:54:44.14ZS-EPMC99729533671923610.1128/aem.01704-22