biostudies-otherUnknownBianca AllenHomo sapiens (human)https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-BSST2139biostudies-otherLaneke LuiesBianca AllenRobin WoodfalseUnderstanding Metabolic Differences in HIV/TB Coinfection: A Sex-Specific Approach We conducted a non-targeted, proof-of-concept metabolomics study using two-dimensional gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) to characterise sex-specific metabolite differences in HIV/TB coinfection. Since obtaining large cohorts of untreated HIV/TB coinfected patients is challenging (due to immediate “test-and-treat” policies), we employed an innovative dual-experiment design. Experiment 1 analysed individual urine samples from male and female participants, while Experiment 2 utilised pooled quality control samples for each subgroup to mitigate biological variation and bolster statistical power despite the small sample size. This two-pronged approach was intended to provide exploratory but robust insight into sex-related metabolic disparities in HIV/TB coinfection. Our ultimate goal is to inform future work aimed at tailoring therapeutic interventions and improving diagnostic accuracy and health outcomes for both sexes. Experiment 1 compared metabolite profiles between females and males within each disease status separately: HCF vs COF (Dataset 1) and HCM vs COM (Dataset 2). Comparisons were again made between HC and CO within each sex: QHCF vs QCOF (Dataset 3, pooled females) and QHCM vs QCOM (Dataset 4, pooled males). We also performed a four-group comparison (QHCF, QCOF, QHCM, QCOM; Dataset 5) to detect metabolites differing across sex and infection status collectively.2025-08-12T00:00:00Z2026-06-16T14:11:20.884Z2025-08-12T18:54:23.439ZS-BSST2139