{"database":"GEO","file_versions":[{"headers":{"Content-Type":["application/json"]},"body":{"files":{"Other":["ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE256nnn/GSE256118/"]},"type":"primary"},"statusCode":"OK","statusCodeValue":200}],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Transcriptomics"],"species":["Homo sapiens"],"gds_type":["Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE256118"],"repository":["GEO"],"entry_type":["GSE"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Immune Re-sensitization in Checkpoint Inhibitor Refractory and Relapsed Cancers with Plinabulin, Radiation and Immune Checkpoint Blockade","description":"Plinabulin exerts immunomodulatory activity through guanine-nucleotide-exchange-factor (GEF)-H1 activation, particularly in antigen-presenting cells. Here we demonstrate that radiation (RT) potentiates plinabulin-induced dendritic cell (DC) maturation, and when combined with immune-checkpoint-inhibitors (ICI), triggers an abscopal antitumor response via increased tumor-infiltrating CD86+ DCs and CD8+ T-cells. Nonclinical findings were translated in a phase 1 basket study (ClinicalTrial.org: NCT04902040) in patients with ICI-relapsed/refractory cancers. Plinabulin treatment after RT initiation plus ICI was safe and achieved an encouraging disease-control-rate (DCR) of 54% (3/13 partial response [PR] and 4/13 stable disease [SD]) in out-of-field unirradiated lesions; Enduring and 2/2 PR responses were seen in Hodgkin's lymphoma patients who had progressed after 12- or 16-prior lines of therapy. Responding PR+SD subjects had significant increases in peripheral blood proinflammatory monocytes, and activated DCs, and GEF-H1 induction in immune cells, T-cell clonal expansion, and intratumoral immune activation and GEF-H1 induction in DC subsetsactivation . These promising preliminary results provide the rationale for using this triple combination approach (RT/plinabulin/ICIdefine therapies?) in post-ICI-failure settings in future confirmatory trials.","dates":{"publication":"2026/06/10"},"accession":"GSE256118","cross_references":{"GSM":["GSM8086069","GSM8086076","GSM8086065","GSM8086066","GSM8086077","GSM8086067","GSM8086078","GSM8086079","GSM8086068","GSM8086072","GSM8086073","GSM8086074","GSM8086075","GSM8086080","GSM8086070","GSM8086071"],"GPL":["11154","24676","29480"],"GSE":["256118"],"taxon":["Homo sapiens"],"PMID":["[40580957]"]}}