{"database":"GEO","file_versions":[{"headers":{"Content-Type":["application/json"]},"body":{"files":{"Other":["ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE278nnn/GSE278091/"]},"type":"primary"},"statusCode":"OK","statusCodeValue":200}],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Transcriptomics"],"species":["Homo sapiens"],"gds_type":["Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE278091"],"repository":["GEO"],"entry_type":["GSE"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Clonal replacement and differentiation of HIV-specific T-cells in people with HIV following anti-PD-1 in vivo","description":"Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people with HIV (PWH) is highly effective but treatment is required lifelong given the persistence of virus in a latent form as well as ongoing immune dysfunction characterized by elevated expression of the exhaustion marker Programmed cell Death protein- 1 (PD-1) on HIV-specific T cells. We isolated tetramer+ HIV-specific CD8+ T-cells from PWH on ART with cancer who received anti-PD-1 (nivolumab) every 2 weeks. and observed rapid changes following the first dose of anti-PD1, including a marked increase in the frequency of HIV-tetramer+ TEX cells in a subset of participants. Using single cell RNAseq on tetramer+ cells, we observed a distinct transcriptomic signature in tetramer+ central memory T (TCM) cells and the recruitment of multiple unique TCR clones. These findings are consistent with reinvigoration and rejuvenation of HIV-specific T-cells and evidence of clonal replacement of HIV-specific cells by anti-PD-1.","dates":{"publication":"2026/06/04"},"accession":"GSE278091","cross_references":{"GSM":["GSM8539510","GSM8539511","GSM8539501","GSM8539512","GSM8539502","GSM8539513","GSM8539503","GSM8539514","GSM8539515","GSM8539504","GSM8539505","GSM8539516","GSM8539517","GSM8539506","GSM8539518","GSM8539507","GSM8539508","GSM8539509"],"GPL":["30209"],"GSE":["278091"],"taxon":["Homo sapiens"]}}