{"database":"GEO","file_versions":[{"headers":{"Content-Type":["application/json"]},"body":{"files":{"Other":["ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE294nnn/GSE294942/"]},"type":"primary"},"statusCode":"OK","statusCodeValue":200}],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Transcriptomics"],"species":["Mus musculus"],"gds_type":["Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE294942"],"repository":["GEO"],"entry_type":["GSE"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Transcriptome profiling of ILC2 co-stimulated by GITR signaling under Activation condition","description":"Innate-lymphoid cells (ILCs) are key regulators of tissue homeostasis/immunity but their anti-tumor roles are poorly defined. Here, we identify the GITR-ILC2-IL-9-eosinophil axis as a key driver of anti-tumor immunity. Specifically, GITR co-stimulation of ILC2s in the tumor microenvironment (TME) induces ATF3-dependent chromatin remodeling that causes the ILC2s to produce IL-9 but not canonical ILC2 cytokines (e.g. IL-5 and IL-13). ILC2-derived IL-9 then promotes eosinophil cytotoxicity, as indicated by their elevated cytotoxic granule-associated gene expression and tumoricidal activity. The IL-9-stimulated eosinophils thus effect tumor control. These events are facilitated by TME-induced expression of IL-9 receptor on eosinophils. TCGA-data analysis showed that IL-9-signature expression associated with favorable prognosis in patients with melanoma and lung adenocarcinoma. Our findings thus establish the GITR-ILC2-IL-9 axis as a pivotal pathway that integrates innate lymphoid and granulocyte responses and drives tumor immunity. This pathway may be a promising therapeutic target for enhancing eosinophil-mediated tumor suppression.","dates":{"publication":"2026/07/23"},"accession":"GSE294942","cross_references":{"GSM":["GSM8931715","GSM8931714","GSM8931713","GSM8931712","GSM8931711","GSM8931710"],"GPL":["24247"],"GSE":["294942"],"taxon":["Mus musculus"]}}