GEOapplication/xmlftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE308nnn/GSE308872/primaryOK200TranscriptomicsMus musculusExpression profiling by high throughput sequencinghttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE308872GEOGSEfalseILC2 regulate a fibroblast progenitor niche in the pancreas (Dpp4CreERT2 lineage trace scRNA-seq)Local fibroblast development and densities greatly influence organ health and disease, although it remains unclear how tissue fibroblast topography is controlled in situ. Here we define group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) as key regulators of fibroblast homeostasis in the pancreas. ILC2 co-localise with Pi16+Dpp4+Ly6c+ fibroblasts in an interstitial niche of the exocrine pancreas, which encapsulates the organ parenchyma. ILC2 specifically regulate the expansion of Pi16+Dpp4+Ly6c+ fibroblasts, which have progenitor capacity, while paradoxically also restraining differentiated intra-parenchymal Col15a1+ fibroblasts during inflammation. These homeostatic circuits reinforce fibroblast numbers after injury and set an inflammatory threshold. The ILC2-Pi16+Dpp4+Ly6c+ fibroblast progenitor niche expands locally in cancer, and controls cancer associated fibroblast ontogeny and density. Hence, ILC2-fibroblast dialogue represents a regulatory node that locally orchestrates tissue homeostasis and pathology.2026/07/03GSE308872GSM9254817GSM925481834328308872Mus musculus