GEOapplication/xmlftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE309nnn/GSE309665/primaryOK200TranscriptomicsMus musculusExpression profiling by high throughput sequencinghttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE309665GEOGSEfalseN-Acetyl-Chitooligosaccharides attenuate LPS-induced macrophage via MR/NOD2/NF-κB signalingChitooligosaccharides (COS), derived from chitin and chitosan,exhibited diverse bioactivities shaped by their degree of acetylation. However, the functional distinction between fully deacetylated COS and fully N-acetylated COS (NACOS) in inflammation remains unclear. This study compared their effects on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages. ELISA and RT-qPCR analysis showed that both COS and NACOS reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines production (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, NO), with NACOS6 exhibiting superior efficacy. Transcriptome profiling revealed NACOS6 primarily modulated key inflammatory signaling pathways, including C-type lectin receptors, NOD like receptors,NF-κB signaling, and antigen processing. RT-qPCR and western blotting further demonstrated that both COS and NACOS upregulated MR expression, activated the NOD2-RIPK2 axis, and attenuated NF-κB activation by blocking IκBα and p65 phosphorylation. Molecular docking indicated COS and NACOS directly interacted with MR and NOD2, enhancing LPS recognition and modulating downstream signaling. Collectively, NACOS, particularly NACOS6 ,exhibited stronger anti-inflammatory activity than COS, suggesteing its potential as a therapeutic agent for inflammation related diseases.2026/09/29GSE309665GSM9271430GSM9271431GSM9271432GSM9271426GSM9271427GSM9271428GSM9271429GSM9271433GSM927142534290309665Mus musculus