{"database":"GEO","file_versions":[{"headers":{"Content-Type":["application/json"]},"body":{"files":{"Other":["ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE322nnn/GSE322796/"]},"type":"primary"},"statusCode":"OK","statusCodeValue":200}],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Transcriptomics"],"species":["Homo sapiens"],"gds_type":["Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE322796"],"repository":["GEO"],"entry_type":["GSE"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Persistence of mucosal CAR-T cells and inflammatory remodeling in enterocolitis associated with BCMA CAR-T cell therapy","description":"B cell-targeted therapies are expanding across oncologic and autoimmune indications, yet their consequences for immunity remain incompletely examined. Here, we define the mucosal pathophysiology of ciltacabtagene autoleucel CAR-T cell-induced enterocolitis (CAR-TEC), a severe complication of B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted CAR-T cell therapy in multiple myeloma. Using single-cell transcriptomics, flow cytometry, and tissue imaging of intestinal biopsies from patients with CAR-TEC (n=10), CAR-T cell treated controls (CAR-TCTRL) without enterocolitis (n=7), and healthy volunteers (n=26), we identify profound depletion of mucosal B cells and plasma cells (PCs) accompanied by expansion of highly cytotoxic CAR-T cells and inflammatory myeloid, stromal, and glial cell remodeling to be associated with CAR-TEC. Cell-cell communication analyses suggest a compensated mucosal state in CAR-TCTRL, while telocyte-driven stromal niche dysfunction was noted in CAR-TEC. Interferon and JAK-STAT-associated reprogramming was noted across stromal, endothelial, and epithelial compartments, supporting JAK inhibition as a rational, mechanism-based therapeutic strategy. Upadacitinib, an oral selective JAK1 inhibitor resulted in clinical, endoscopic and histologic improvement in 2 individuals with CAR-TEC. Our findings define CAR-TEC as a multi-compartment syndrome of severe mucosal dysregulation with implications for the emerging field of B cell-targeted therapies.","dates":{"publication":"2026/07/29"},"accession":"GSE322796","cross_references":{"GSM":["GSM9742309","GSM9742311","GSM9742310","GSM9558960","GSM9558952","GSM9558942","GSM9558953","GSM9558961","GSM9558950","GSM9558962","GSM9558951","GSM9558956","GSM9558945","GSM9558957","GSM9558946","GSM9558954","GSM9558943","GSM9558955","GSM9558949","GSM9558958","GSM9558947","GSM9558959","GSM9558948"],"GPL":["34281"],"GSE":["322796"],"taxon":["Homo sapiens"]}}