{"database":"GEO","file_versions":[{"headers":{"Content-Type":["application/json"]},"body":{"files":{"Other":["ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE326nnn/GSE326453/"]},"type":"primary"},"statusCode":"OK","statusCodeValue":200}],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Transcriptomics"],"species":["Homo sapiens"],"gds_type":["Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE326453"],"repository":["GEO"],"entry_type":["GSE"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Biomass Combustion Produces Hormone-like Pollutants: An Ignored Source","description":"Biomass burning, including household fuels and wildfires, affects billions globally, yet the unique health-related chemical components of PM2.5 emitted from these sources remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that combustion of biomass—yak dung and pine—generates abundant hormone-like components within PM2.5, including natural, synthetic steroids and endocrine disruptors such as estradiol, testosterone enanthate and bisphenol A. Integrated network toxicology and whole-transcriptome sequencing reveal that these hormone compounds may exert distinct, fuel-specific respiratory toxicity by targeting critical genes (e.g., HIF1A or INHBA), functions (e.g., regulation of progesterone secretion or protein serine/threonine kinase activity) and pathways (e.g., vitamin digestion and absorption or RNA polymerase) via multi-level RNA regulation and mutagenic events. Our modelling estimates that mitigating this exposure could prevent ~66,000 premature deaths and yield economic benefits exceeding $11 billion annually. These findings uncover a previously unrecognized class of environmental hormonal pollutants generated by biomass combustion, redefine the health risks of air pollution, and provide a mechanistic foundation for advancing environmental justice and achieving Sustainable Development Goals in vulnerable populations worldwide.","dates":{"publication":"2026/04/03"},"accession":"GSE326453","cross_references":{"GSM":["GSM9631919","GSM9631918","GSM9631917","GSM9631916","GSM9631915","GSM9631914","GSM9631913","GSM9631912","GSM9631911"],"GPL":["18460"],"GSE":["326453"],"taxon":["Homo sapiens"]}}