{"database":"GEO","file_versions":[{"headers":{"Content-Type":["application/json"]},"body":{"files":{"Other":["ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE339nnn/GSE339312/"]},"type":"primary"},"statusCode":"OK","statusCodeValue":200}],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Other"],"species":["Homo sapiens"],"gds_type":["Other"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE339312"],"repository":["GEO"],"entry_type":["GSE"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"SMARCAD1 Acts as an Early R-loop Responder at Active Replication Forks","description":"DNA replication encounters obstacles such as stalled transcription complexes and R-loops. Although ribonucleases and DNA–RNA helicases remove these obstacles from genomic DNA, it remains understudied how this occurs in a chromatin context. Using in vitro and cellular approaches, we show that the chromatin remodeler SMARCAD1, which associates with active replication forks, resolves R-loops near nascent DNA to maintain fork stability. SMARCAD1 binds DNA–RNA hybrids and R-loop structures in vitro, and its ATPase-dependent catalytic activity promotes R-loop resolution when tethered to an R-loop hotspot locus. SMARCAD1 binds R-loops through its ATPase domain and associates with the replisome through its N-terminal region, with both interactions required for efficient R-loop resolution in-cells. Quantitative image-based cytometry, single-molecule chromatin-fiber and proximity-labeling assays show that R-loops significantly accumulate near nascent DNA in SMARCAD1 mutant cells. Genome-wide DRIP analyses further reveal significant R-loop accumulation at highly expressed genes. Together, these findings identify SMARCAD1 as an early responder to R-loop-mediated transcription-replication conflicts (TRCs) that safeguards the integrity of active replication forks.","dates":{"publication":"2026/09/22"},"accession":"GSE339312","cross_references":{"GSM":["GSM9893341","GSM9893342","GSM9893340","GSM9893338","GSM9893339","GSM9893336","GSM9893337","GSM9893335"],"GPL":["34281"],"GSE":["339312"],"taxon":["Homo sapiens"]}}