{"database":"GEO","file_versions":[{"headers":{"Content-Type":["application/json"]},"body":{"files":{"Other":["ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE341nnn/GSE341321/"]},"type":"primary"},"statusCode":"OK","statusCodeValue":200}],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Transcriptomics"],"species":[" Mus musculus","Homo sapiens"],"gds_type":["Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE341321"],"repository":["GEO"],"entry_type":["GSE"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Vitamin B2 Sensing by the Nuclear Receptor AhR Reprograms Hepatic Metabolism [RNA-Seq]","description":"Nuclear receptors such as RAR/RXR and VDR directly sense vitamins A and D, but analogous sensing mechanisms for most other vitamins remain unknown. Here we identify a metabolite sensing pathway linking vitamin B2 (riboflavin) availability to an adaptive gene expression program. Riboflavin deficiency limits the FAD-dependent enzyme kynurenine 3-monooxygenase, leading to accumulation of kynurenine, an endogenous ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Kynurenine-induced AhR nuclear translocation selectively activates poised hepatic enhancers in cooperation with AP-1 and C/EBPα, inducing glucuronidation genes and the FAD synthase gene FLAD1. This response is required to maintain intracellular FAD levels and support cell fitness under riboflavin-limiting conditions. In vivo, dietary riboflavin deficiency enhances hepatic drug clearance and reduces irinotecan toxicity. Together, these findings reveal a vitamin-sensing mechanism in which a cofactor-dependent enzyme acts as the sensor and AhR functions as the transcriptional effector that enables both flavin homeostasis and hepatic clearance capacity.","dates":{"publication":"2026/08/01"},"accession":"GSE341321","cross_references":{"GSM":["GSM9903958","GSM9903959","GSM9903954","GSM9903955","GSM9903956","GSM9903957","GSM9903950","GSM9903951","GSM9903952","GSM9903953","GSM9903960","GSM9903965","GSM9903966","GSM9903967","GSM9903968","GSM9903961","GSM9903962","GSM9903963","GSM9903964","GSM9903907","GSM9903908","GSM9903909","GSM9903903","GSM9903904","GSM9903905","GSM9903906","GSM9903900","GSM9903901","GSM9903902","GSM9903869","GSM9903870","GSM9903871","GSM9903872","GSM9903918","GSM9903919","GSM9903914","GSM9903915","GSM9903916","GSM9903917","GSM9903877","GSM9903910","GSM9903911","GSM9903878","GSM9903912","GSM9903879","GSM9903913","GSM9903873","GSM9903874","GSM9903875","GSM9903876","GSM9903880","GSM9903881","GSM9903882","GSM9903883","GSM9903929","GSM9903925","GSM9903926","GSM9903927","GSM9903928","GSM9903888","GSM9903921","GSM9903889","GSM9903922","GSM9903923","GSM9903924","GSM9903884","GSM9903885","GSM9903886","GSM9903920","GSM9903887","GSM9903891","GSM9903892","GSM9903893","GSM9903894","GSM9903890","GSM9903936","GSM9903937","GSM9903938","GSM9903939","GSM9903932","GSM9903899","GSM9903933","GSM9903934","GSM9903935","GSM9903895","GSM9903896","GSM9903897","GSM9903930","GSM9903931","GSM9903898","GSM9903947","GSM9903948","GSM9903949","GSM9903943","GSM9903944","GSM9903945","GSM9903946","GSM9903940","GSM9903941","GSM9903942"],"GPL":["30173","34284","34290"],"GSE":["341321"],"taxon":[" Mus musculus","Homo sapiens"]}}