GEOapplication/xmlftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/series/GSE345nnn/GSE345950/primary200OKTranscriptomicsMus musculusExpression profiling by high throughput sequencinghttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE345950GEOGSEfalseGut Microbiota Mediate the Metabolism of Colonic ProstaglandinsProstaglandins (PGs) are lipid signaling molecules that regulate diverse physiological and pathological processes, and their biosynthetic pathways are targets of widely used drugs such as aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, previous research of PG biosynthesis has focused on host metabolic pathways, the roles of gut microbiota involved are not well understood 8. Here, we identify a colonic pathway through which gut microbes directly participate in PG metabolism and regulate colonic PG levels and their biological effects. Comparison of germ-free and conventionally raised mice reveals that the gut microbiota markedly increase the levels of multiple PGs in the colon. This effect is mediated by bacterial β-glucuronidases (GUS), which hydrolyze host-derived PG glucuronides, less active or inactive conjugates, to regenerate bioactive free PGs. GUS administration and bacterial mono-colonization in germ-free mice demonstrate a critical role for microbial GUS in regulating colonic PG levels and associated biological responses. Together, these findings reveal a previously unrecognized function of the gut microbiota in PG metabolism and identify microbial GUS enzymes as potential targets for modulating colonic PG signaling in gastrointestinal diseases.2026/09/04GSE345950GSM10019742GSM10019741GSM10019744GSM10019743GSM10019740GSM10019739GSM10019738GSM10019746GSM10019745GSM1001974730172345950Mus musculus