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A detailed protein inventory of the proteome of the normal human eye may provide a foundation for new investigations into both the physiology of the retina and the pathophysiology of retinal diseases. To provide an inventory, proteins were extracted from five retinas of normal eyes and fractionated using SDS-PAGE. After in-gel digestion, peptides were analyzed in duplicate using LC-MS/MS on an Orbitrap Elite mass spectrometer. A total of 3436 nonredundant proteins were identified in the human retina, including 20 unambiguous protein isoforms, of which eight have not previously been demonstrated to exist at the protein level. The proteins identified in the retina included most of the enzymes involved in the visual cycle and retinoid metabolism. One hundred and fifty-eight proteins that have been associated with age-related macular degeneration were identified in the retina. The MS proteome database of the human retina may serve as a valuable resource for future investigations of retinal biology and disease. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD001242 (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD001242)."],"pubmed_title":["The proteome of human retina."],"pubmed_authors":["Zhang Pingbo P,Dufresne Craig C,Turner Randi R,Ferri Sara S,Venkatraman Vidya V,Karani Rabia R,Lutty Gerard A GA,Van Eyk Jennifer E JE,Semba Richard D RD,","Zhang Pingbo P, Dufresne Craig C, Turner Randi R, Ferri Sara S, Venkatraman Vidya V, Karani Rabia R, Lutty Gerard A GA, Van Eyk Jennifer E JE, Semba Richard D RD"],"name_synonyms":["Netzhaut., Inner layer of eyeball, Homo sapients, human being, Retina, retinas, retina of camera-type eye, Humo sapiens, tunica interna of eyeball, Homo sapiense, man, Homo sapines, inner layer of eyeball, human, Entire retina, Homo spaiens, Homo spiens, \"human\" EXACT genbank_common_name [], Homo sapien, Homo sapience, Homo sapian, Homo sampiens, Homo sapians, Retinas, Homo sapeins, Home sapiens, Proteomes, Tunica interna of eyeball"],"description_synonyms":["the brain, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy, visual_system, human being, photoreceptor, Entire brain, compound eye, Retina, regio orbitalis, Slf, Visual Cortex Primary, AUTSX5, Somatomedin-C, adult compound eye, Gene, FPH2, Striate, Visible Light, striate cortex, Homo sapiense, CCN3, Encephalons, Foundation, QM, Visual Cortices, Primary Visual Cortices, Entire retina, \"Komplexauge\", SDS, Polypeptides, Homo spaiens, Primary Visual Cortex, Homo sapien, camera-type eye plus associated structures, Homo sapians, \"Facettenauge\", LC-MSMS, Cortex Primaries, eye, Gene Products, globe, synganglion, light, Netzhaut, Normalities, average, portion of tissue, light-detecting organ, Orbital region, Inner layer of eyeball, Extrastriate Cortices, Homo sapients, LCMSMS, Visual Cortex, Brains, retinas, retina of camera-type eye, eyes, N, dysfunction, visual system, Tissue, somatomedin-C, SF, tunica interna of eyeball, 4733401P19Rik, Kitl, proteins, IGFBP9, Visible, suprasegmental levels of nervous system, man, Mast cell growth factor, IBP-9, \"zusammengesetztes Auge\", Homo sapience, L10, IGF1, Homo sampiens, Mechano growth factor, LC-MS-MS., Visual Cortex Primaries, Soluble KIT ligand, TR2, NOVh, Primary Visual, Sl, Home sapiens, LC-MS2, IGF-I, Cortex Primary, eye globe, data, Disease, steel factor, suprasegmental structures, Radiation, Striate Cortex, hematopoietic growth factor KL, Proteins, LC-MS/MS, somatomedin, DXS648, AI836084, bulbus oculi, Light, vertebrate eye, Primary, function, Normalcy, inner layer of eyeball, CD258, V1, encephalon, sKITLG, visual apparatus, polypeptide, Primaries, Eyes, LC/MS/MS, LIGHT, Cortex, IGFBP-9, Homo sapian, mechano growth factor, Protein, Diseases, tissue portion, NOV, Retinas, simple tissue, Extrastriate, Homo sapeins, Retinal Disease, Igf-1, PlexA1, eyeball, Retinal, Tunica interna of eyeball, Visible Radiations, Radiations, SHEP7, Plxn1, Visible Radiation, HVEML, Cortices, mast cell growth factor, Normality, Stem cell factor, Encephalon, Orbital part of face, Photoradiation, Humo sapiens, SWDS, Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome, pathophysiology, Shwachman syndrome, STAT5, CGI-97, Homo sapines, mKIAA4053, human, LTg, Visual, Protein Gene Products, Gene Proteins, stem cell factor, Health, Homo spiens, KL-1, \"human\" EXACT genbank_common_name [], Photoradiations, orbital region, orbital part of face, Pancreatic insufficiency and bone marrow dysfunction, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, C130088N23Rik, MGF, c-Kit ligand, KITLG, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, 2600013D04Rik, Extrastriate Cortex, SCF, DXS648E, Proteomes"],"pubmed_title_synonyms":["Netzhaut., Inner layer of eyeball, Homo sapients, human being, Retina, retinas, retina of camera-type eye, Humo sapiens, tunica interna of eyeball, Homo sapiense, man, Homo sapines, inner layer of eyeball, human, Entire retina, Homo spaiens, Homo spiens, \"human\" EXACT genbank_common_name [], Homo sapien, Homo sapience, Homo sapian, Homo sampiens, Homo sapians, Retinas, Homo sapeins, Home sapiens, Proteomes, Tunica interna of eyeball"],"pubmed_abstract_synonyms":["liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy, visual_system, Entire brain, Retina, Visual Cortex Primary, AAMD - Age related macular degeneration, Striate, Splice Variants, Visible Light, Homo sapiense, Foundation, Protein Splice, Primary Visual Cortices, Entire retina, SDS, Polypeptides, unspecified, Homo sapien, Ccne, Homo sapians, \"Facettenauge\", eye, globe, synganglion, Gpi-1, Age related macular degeneration (disorder) [Ambiguous], Macular Dystrophy, average, portion of tissue, Age Related Maculopathies, Inner layer of eyeball, Extrastriate Cortices, human disease, Homo sapients, LCMSMS, Age related maculopathy, enzymes, Unspecified senile macular degeneration, Nlk, eyes, N, visual system, Tissue, Age-Related Macular, tunica interna of eyeball, proteins, suprasegmental levels of nervous system, \"zusammengesetztes Auge\", Homo sapience, Macular degeneration (disorder), Homo sapiens disease, Visual Cortex Primaries, associated, Age-Related, Home sapiens, Age-related macular degeneration (disorder), Age-Related Maculopathies, LC-MS2, Data Set., Gpi, eye globe, suprasegmental structures, Radiation, Age Related Macular Degeneration, Maculopathy, Vitamin A Aldehyde, LC-MS/MS, AI836084, Light, vertebrate eye, Normalcy, Senile macular degeneration, inner layer of eyeball, V1, Eyes, LIGHT, mOC-X, Homo sapian, Diseases, tissue portion, AGE RELAT MACULOPATHIES, Retinas, simple tissue, Extrastriate, NK|GPI, Senile macular retinal degeneration, eyeball, Retinal, retinoid metabolism, ARMD - Age-related macular degeneration, Visible Radiations, Visible Radiation, Org, ORG, HVEML, Cortices, Encephalon, Orbital part of face, Macular Dystrophies, Gpi1-r, Gpi1-s, Shwachman syndrome, Macular, Gpi1-t, Homo sapines, human, Health, orbital part of face, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, Aldehyde, Extrastriate Cortex, AMD - Age-related macular degeneration, Age-related macular degeneration, Proteomes, Bglap-rs1, Gpi1s, Macular Degeneration, Senile macular degeneration of retina, the brain, human being, photoreceptor, compound eye, regio orbitalis, AI461847, Biocatalysts, Vitamin A, adult compound eye, Gene, striate cortex, Encephalons, Visual Cortices, LC-MS-MS, CYCLE, \"Komplexauge\", Homo spaiens, Primary Visual Cortex, camera-type eye plus associated structures, LC-MSMS, Cortex Primaries, Gene Products, Age Related, Pgi, light, Isoforms, Age-Related Macular Degenerations, Netzhaut, Normalities, light-detecting organ, Orbital region, Maculopathies, Visual Cortex, Brains, retinas, retina of camera-type eye, Gpi-1r, Gpi-1s, dysfunction, MACULOPATHY AGE RELAT, Phi, Gpi-1t, 4733401P19Rik, Retinene, Protein Splice Variants, Visible, man, SMD - Senile macular degeneration, 11 cis Retinal, Homo sampiens, Macular Degenerations, TR2, Primary Visual, Dystrophy, Cortex Primary, Disease, data, MACULAR DEGENERATION NOS, Macular degeneration (senile) of retina, Striate Cortex, Proteins, bulbus oculi, enzyme activity, ARMD, Primary, function, AMD, MF, Age-Related Maculopathy, CD258, Amf, encephalon, visual apparatus, polypeptide, Primaries, Axerophthal, LC/MS/MS, Cortex, Dystrophies, Protein, 11-cis-Retinal, Homo sapeins, Retinal Disease, AGE RELAT MACULOPATHY, MACULOPATHIES AGE RELAT, Data Base, NK, Tunica interna of eyeball, Radiations, Normality, Photoradiation, Humo sapiens, SWDS, Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome, Amended, pathophysiology, CGI-97, Degeneration, Degenerations, LTg, Visual, Protein Gene Products, Gene Proteins, Homo spiens, \"human\" EXACT genbank_common_name [], Photoradiations, orbital region, Pancreatic insufficiency and bone marrow dysfunction, Variants, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry"],"view_count":["39"],"citation_count":["0"],"search_count":["5"],"full_dataset_link":["http://gpmdb.thegpm.org/~/dblist_gpmnum/gpmnum=GPM32320005063"],"search_domains":["dbgap_ncbi~0","patentfamilies~0","rfam~0","merops~0","complex-portal~0","uniprot~0","wormbaseparasite~0","embl-covid19~0","reactome~0","emdb~0","wgs_masters~0","ebiweb_resources~0","opentargets_genetics~0","biomodels_all~0","ipd-mhc~0","ebiweb_teams~0","taxonomy~0","genome_assembly~0","sc-experiments~0","ebiweb_people~0","enzymeportal_enzymes~0","ipd-nhkir~0","cellosaurus~0","pdbe~0","chebi~0","patentproteins~0","interpro7~0","uniref~0","chembl~0","pdbekb~0","gpcrdb~0","hgnc~0","sc-genes~0","intact~0","rhea~0","ebiweb_training~0","alphafold~0","imgt-hla~0","patentnucleotides~0","ensemblroot~0","eva_studies~0","non-coding~0","europepmc~0","pubmed~1","identifiers_registry~0","pdbechem~0","hpa-covid19~0","eva-variants-covid19~0","biosamples~0","gwas_catalog~0","biotools~0","tls_masters~0","mesh~0","coding~0","sra~0","opentargets~0","efo~0","embl-pathogen~0","project~0","pride~1","human_diseases~0","geo_datasets~0","embl~0","treefam~0","uniparc~0","ols~0","dgva~0","intenz~0","go~0","tsa_masters~0","biosamples-covid19~0","ebiweb_corporate~0","omim~0","lrg~0","earlycause-molecular-sequences~0","ipd-kir~0","empiar~0","rnacentral~0","orcid_data_claims~0","gpmdb~2","lineage-covid19~0","metagenomics~0","pfam~0","pride archive~1","varsite~0"],"reanalysis_count":["0"],"submitter_keywords":["Resource Reanalysis"],"citation_count_scaled":["0.0"],"reanalysis_count_scaled":["0.0"],"view_count_scaled":["0.012029611351017891"],"download_count_scaled":["0.0"],"normalized_connections":["1.0"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"The proteome of human retina.","description":"Data from ProteomeXchange, PXD ID: PXD001242. 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