iProXProteomicsHeng ZhaoHomo Sapienshttp://www.iprox.org/page/project.html?id=IPX0013121000hengzhao@ccmu.edu.cnCapital Medical UniversityiProX<h4>Objective</h4>The "blend sign" is a critical CT imaging marker for predicting hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study aimed to elucidate its underlying pathological mechanisms by comparing proteomic profiles between hyperdense and hypodense regions within the hematoma.<h4>Methods</h4>Hematoma samples from nine ICH patients exhibiting the blend sign were obtained via minimally invasive puncture. Isotope-labeled proteomics and bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), which were further validated by Western blotting and ELISA.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 77 DEPs were identified, including 66 upregulated and 11 downregulated in hyperdense regions compared to hypodense areas. Functional enrichment analysis revealed significant involvement of inflammatory responses, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysregulation. Notably, cytochrome C, growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), and tau were markedly upregulated in hyperdense regions.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The blend sign is associated with region-specific molecular changes involving inflammation, apoptosis, and metabolic alterations. These findings provide mechanistic insights into hematoma heterogeneity and lay a foundation for future studies exploring their role in hematoma expansion and clinical outcomes.Proteomic Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The Role of Blend Sign in Hematoma Expansion.Hang Hang H, Liu Shanpeng S, Wang Likun L, Zhang Linshan L, Liu Cuiying C, Xu Baohui B, Zhao Heng H, Wu Guofeng GfalseProteomic insights into the pathogenesis of intracerebral hemorrhage: The role of blend sign in hematoma expansionThe blend sign on CT imaging is a key predictor of hematoma growth in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), yet the underlying pathological mechanisms remain poorly understood. To address this, hematoma specimens from nine ICH patients with blend signs were collected via stereotactic minimally invasive puncture, targeting both high-density and low-density bleeding regions. Proteins were extracted and analyzed using isotope-labeled iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics combined with LC-MS/MS. Bioinformatic analysis identified differentially expressed proteins, associated pathways, and regulatory microRNAs, followed by validation with Western blotting and ELISA. A total of 72 differentially expressed proteins were identified, with enrichment in processes including inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and metabolism. Key molecules such as cytochrome C, growth-associated protein 43, and tau were significantly upregulated in high-density regions. Integration with microRNA prediction suggested regulatory interactions, and drug screening highlighted potential therapeutic candidates such as dexketoprofen and 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid. This dataset provides raw mass spectrometry files and processed quantification results, offering a valuable resource for exploring the molecular basis of hematoma expansion and for identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in ICH.Thu Aug 21 00:00:00 BST 2025PXD067588960641181923