iProXProteomicsWei YangHomo Sapienshttp://www.iprox.org/page/project.html?id=IPX0017741000yangw6@mail2.sysu.edu.cnLonggang Central Hospital of ShenzheniProXfalsePlasma Exosomal Carboxylesterase 1: A Novel Biomarker for Sepsis-Associated EncephalopathySepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a severe complication of sepsis lacking specific biomarkers. Here, we investigated plasma exosomal carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) as a candidate biomarker for SAE. Using proteomic screening of plasma exosomes from SAE and non-SAE septic patients (n=8), we identified CES1 as significantly upregulated in SAE. This finding was validated in an independent cohort (n=24) by Western blot. Elevated CES1 levels were strongly associated with SAE occurrence, and ROC analysis showed that CES1 outperformed SOFA and APACHE II scores in diagnosing SAE (AUC 0.722 vs. 0.566 and 0.625). In a murine SAE model, CES1 expression was concurrently upregulated in brain tissue alongside hippocampal neuronal injury. These findings identify plasma exosomal CES1 as a potential biomarker for SAE and suggest its involvement in SAE pathophysiology, offering a new avenue for non-invasive diagnosis and mechanistic exploration.Fri Jun 12 00:00:00 BST 2026PXD0796269606