MetaboLights

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the analysis, the lipids were annotated and the peak area integrated using MS-DIAL:Tsugawa H, Ikeda K, Takahashi M, Satoh A, Mori Y, Uchino H, Okahashi N, Yamada Y, Tada I, Bonini P, Higashi Y, Okazaki Y, Zhou Z, Zhu Z-J, Koelmel J, Cajka T, Fiehn O, Saito K, Arita M, Arita M. 2020. A lipidome atlas in MS-DIAL 4. Nature Biotechnology 38:1159-1163.Tsugawa H, Nakabayashi R, Mori T, Yamada Y, Takahashi M, Rai A, Sugiyama R, Yamamoto H, Nakaya T, Yamazaki M, Kooke R, Bac-Molenaar JA, Oztolan-Erol N, Keurentjes JJB, Arita M, Saito K. 2019. A cheminformatics approach to characterize metabolomes in stable-isotope-labeled organisms. Nature Methods 16:295-298.Lai Z, Tsugawa H, Wohlgemuth G, Mehta S, Mueller M, Zheng Y, Ogiwara A, Meissen J, Showalter M, Takeuchi K, Kind T, Beal P, Arita M, Fiehn O. 2018. Identifying metabolites by integrating metabolome databases with mass spectrometry cheminformatics. Nature Methods 15:53-56.Tsugawa H, Cajka T, Kind T, Ma Y, Higgins B, Ikeda K, Kanazawa M, VanderGheynst J, Fiehn O, Arita M. 2015. MS-DIAL: data-independent MS/MS deconvolution for comprehensive metabolome analysis. Nat Methods 12:523-6.MetaboLightsPublicLiquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse-phaseLiquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse-phaseThe chromatographic separations were carried out using Vanquish Horizon LC system (Thermo Scientific) and reversed phase separations as described previously (Woodall B, Fozo EM, Campagna SR. 2023. Dual stable isotopes enhance lipidomic studies in bacterial model organism Enterococcus faecalis. Anal Bioanal Chem 415:3593-3605).Non-redundant cardiolipin synthases shape lipid composition and stress resilience in Bacteroides fragilis.Matthew SchnizleinSean CrossonKatarina JonesUniversity of Tennessee KnoxvilleMichigan State UniversityblankWhole Organismmass spectrometry assayBacterial cells pellets were resuspended in 1 mL of extraction solvent (15: 15: 5: 1: 0.18 95% ethanol: water: diethyl ether: pyridine: 4.2 N ammonium hydroxide) and glass beads (150-212 µm) were added. The resuspended cells were incubated at 60 ºC for 20 min and then centrifuged at 16,200 × g for 10 min. The supernatant was collected and this extraction process repeated with an additional 1 mL of extraction solvent. The combined supernatant was dried under a steady stream of nitrogen. Prior to mass analysis the dried extracts were resuspended in 9:1 methanol: chloroformblankBacteroides fragilishttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS11891Aretha Fiebig.Katarina Jones. kjone166@vols.utk.edu.Shawn Campagna.Jennifer Nguyen.Marcy Balunas.Bong Jin Hong.Thomas O'Halloran.Alyssa Rodriguez.Matthew Schnizlein. mschnizl@msu.edu.Sean Crosson. Michigan State University. 5161 BPS, 567 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, MI. crosson4@msu.edu.Thermo raw files were uploaded to MS-DIAL for lipid identification and peak integration. Raw peak areas were normalized to sample optical density at 600 nm. Code analysis is published on github (https://github.com/mschnizlein/bfrag_cardiolipin).Cardiolipin synthaseGenotypekjone166@vols.utk.educrosson4@msu.edumschnizl@msu.eduLate-log phase cells of Bacteroides fragilis P207 grown in supplemented Brain Heart Infusion medium were pelleted and stored at -80 C until extraction. Strains used were wild-type and three containing clean deletions in cardiolipin synthase genes: 1. clsA (ptos_000612), 2. clsB (ptos_003252), 3. clsA and clsB.Metabolomicsextraction blankblankMolecular Biologyuntargeted analysisBacteroides fragilissolvent blankLipidomicsOrbitrap Exploris 120Lipidspooled sampleexperimental sampleWhole OrganismThermo Scientific Vanquish UHPLC SystemGram Negative Bacteriatandem mass spectrometryBacteriauntargeted metabolitesCardiolipinultra high-performance liquid chromatographextraction blankblankMolecular Biologyuntargeted analysisBacteroides fragilissolvent blankOrbitrap Exploris 120LipidomicsLipidspooled sampleWhole Organismexperimental sampleThermo Scientific Vanquish UHPLC SystemGram Negative Bacteriatandem mass spectrometryBacteriauntargeted metabolitesCardiolipinultra high-performance liquid chromatographThe eluent was introduced to an Exploris 120 mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific) via electrospray ionization for high resolution analysis.falseNon-redundant cardiolipin synthase family proteins shape lipid composition and stress resilience in Bacteroides fragilisGut-resident bacteria must withstand membrane-disrupting stresses such as bile acids to persist in the intestinal environment. The Bacteroidota are a dominant phylum of the human gut microbiota. However, the genes responsible for synthesis of membrane lipids in this phylum remain relatively uncharacterized. Bacteroides fragilis is a prevalent member of this phylum and encodes two predicted cardiolipin synthase family proteins, ClsA and ClsB. We previously identified both cls genes as bile-acid fitness factors in B. fragilis P207, but the contributions of clsA and clsB to cell physiology remained unclear. Here we combine targeted gene deletion with high-resolution lipidomics, metabolomics, and elemental mass spectrometry to show that ClsA and ClsB have distinct and non-redundant functions in the cell. Each cls gene makes a unique contribution to the lipid composition of B. fragilis and differs in its growth-phase expression pattern. Deletion of each gene produces distinct effects on cell morphology, fitness under membrane-perturbing stress, and the broader cellular metabolome, with clsA and clsB influencing levels of different glycyl-seryl peptidolipids, a Bacteroides lipid family that includes the TLR2-active flavolipin and that supports bile resistance and gut colonization. In contrast to the acute ion-gradient disruption caused by the secondary bile acid deoxycholate, deletion of clsA and clsB did not measurably alter steady-state intracellular ion levels under standard growth conditions. Together, these results define non-redundant roles for two cardiolipin synthase family proteins in a common member of the human gut microbiota.2026-10-062026-06-26MTBLS11891