MetaboLightsapplication/xmlftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/m_MTBLS13667_LC-MS_alternating_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsvftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/a_MTBLS13667_LC-MS_alternating_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/i_Investigation.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/s_MTBLS13667.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-CON-1.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-FA-AFB1-2.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-CON-4.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-qc-06.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-qc-03.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-CON-5.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-AFB1-1.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-FA-AFB1-5.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-qc-01.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-qc-04.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-FA-AFB1-4.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-AFB1-3.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-AFB1-4.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-CON-2.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-qc-05.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-FA-AFB1-1.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-FA-AFB1-3.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-qc-02.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-CON-3.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-AFB1-5.mzMLftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667/FILES/DERIVED_FILES/DataSET1-AFB1-2.mzMLprimaryOK200ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13667<p>A targeted identification method combining 'standard substance comparison + MRM ion pair verification' was adopted. The reference databases included HMDB (Human Metabolome Database) and Metlin, and the software used was SCIEX Analyst Work Station Software (Version 1.6.3).</p>MetaboLightsPublicLiquid Chromatography MS - alternating - reverse-phase<p>Chromatography Instrument: Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatograph, Brand: Waters, Model:ACQUITY Premier Column Model: Analytical column: Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column, Specification: 100 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm Autosampler Model: Integrated into the Waters ACQUITY Premier Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatograph, no independent model indicated Mobile Phase: Phase A: Ultra-pure water containing 0.1% formic acid (LC-MS grade), Phase B: Acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid (LC-MS grade)</p>Gut microbiota-derived 3-indoleacrylic acid mediates ferulic acid protection against aflatoxin B1 hepatotoxicity via AhR-ferroptosis inhibition.Qianqian WangChina Agricultural Universitycecummass spectrometry assay<p>A 50 mg aliquot of solid sample (cecal chyme from meat ducks) was precisely weighed into an Eppendorf tube, and 500 μL of pre-cooled (-40 °C) extraction solution (methanol: acetonitrile: H2O = 2:2:1, containing 0.1% formic acid and isotopically-labelled internal standard mixture) was added, followed by vortexing for 30 s. After homogenizing at 35 Hz for 4 min, the sample was sonicated in an ice-water bath for 5 min, and this homogenization-sonication cycle was repeated twice. The sample was allowed to stand at -40 °C for 1 h, then centrifuged at 12000 rpm and 4 °C for 15 min. A 400 μL aliquot of the supernatant was evaporated to dryness under nitrogen, reconstituted with 100 μL of water containing 0.1% formic acid, and centrifuged again at 12000 rpm and 4 °C for 15 min. The clear supernatant was used for UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. All pretreatment steps were performed on ice to avoid metabolite degradation. The control samples set in the experiment included: Quality Control (QC) samples, prepared by mixing equal volumes of supernatants from all experimental samples; solvent blank controls, containing only extraction solution without samples, used to eliminate interference from reagent contamination.</p>Pekin (Duck (domestic))https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS13667LIhong Zhao. China Agricultural University. No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road.Beijing.China. zhaolihongcau@cau.edu.cn.Qianqian Wang. China Agricultural University. Dingzheng Dadu City, Weiyang District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, China. 1285156197@qq.com.<p>The software used for data transformation was SCIEX Analyst Work Station Software (Version 1.6.3) and DATA DRIVEN FLOW (Version 1.0.1)</p>Aflatoxin B1Ferulic acid1285156197@qq.com<p>After anesthetizing the ducks, the thoracic cavity was quickly dissected, the cecum was cut short, the cecum contents were removed, snap frozen in liquid nitrogen, and transferred to -80 for storage</p>Metabolomicsferulic acidTryptophanAFB1targeted metabolitesferulic acidTryptophanAFB1targeted metabolites<p>Instrument: Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer, Brand: SCIEX, Model: SCIEX Triple Quad™ 6500+ Mass Analyzer: Triple Quadrupole (QQQ) Scan Polarity: Alternating Polarity (Positive/Negative) Ion Source: IonDrive Turbo V Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Scan M/Z Range: Covering the parent ion mass range of all target metabolites, typically 50-800 Da</p>5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acidMelatoninTryptamineIndolelactic acidIndoleNicotinic acidIndicanIndoxylsulfateXanthurenic acidindole ethanol/tryptopholIndole-3-acetamide3-HydroxykynurenineKynurenineL-TryptophanIndole-3-carboxaldehydeKynurenic acid5-Methoxy-3-indoleacetic acidIndole-3-acetonitrileIndole-3-acetic acidSerotoninIndole-3-acetyl-alanine5-Hydroxytryptopholskatole3-Indoleglyoxylic acidindole acrylic acid3-Indolepropionic acidN-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine3-Hydroxyanthranilic acidIndole-3-acetyl-aspartateL-5-HydroxytryptophanAnthranilic acidfalseGut microbiota-derived 3-indoleacrylic acid mediates ferulic acid protection against aflatoxin B1 hepatotoxicity via AhR-ferroptosis inhibition<p _msttexthash='40138319' _msthash='2121'> Given that Aflatoxin B1 exposure drives 5% to 28% of global hepatocellular carcinoma cases, the critical paucity of effective interventions for Aflatoxin B1-induced liver injury represents an urgent need. Here, we discover that a cereal-derived polyphenol, ferulic acid, alleviates Aflatoxin B1-induced hepatotoxicity by remodeling gut microbiota and activating microbial tryptophan metabolism. Specifically, dietary ferulic acid enriches Peptostreptococcus anaerobius , enhancing microbial conversion of tryptophan to 3-indoleacrylic acid both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, by combining single-cell RNA sequencing and surface plasmon resonance, we demonstrate that 3-indoleacrylic acid functionally antagonizes Aflatoxin B1-induced hyperactivation of the AhR pathway, thereby suppressing AhR-driven ferroptosis. This functional mechanism was validated through genetic knockdown and pharmacological interventions. Crucially, we reveal that 3-indoleacrylic acid ameliorates Aflatoxin B1-induced liver inflammation by reprogramming the subset composition and function of macrophages, which was confirmed by macrophage-depletion models. Collectively, our findings unveil a precise molecular mechanism of host-microbe crosstalk, identifying the Peptostreptococcus anaerobius-derived tryptophan metabolite 3-indoleacrylic acid as a critical signaling mediator that inhibits Aflatoxin B1-induced hepatic AhR hyperactivation, ferroptosis, and macrophage reprogramming. This study not only proposes a viable dietary strategy to combat global aflatoxicosis but also provides insights into how specific microbial metabolites can be harnessed to therapeutically modulate hepatic injury and immune homeostasis.</p>2026-08-132026-01-13MTBLS13667HMDB0001476HMDB0000732HMDB0000763HMDB0000259HMDB0001855HMDB0000472HMDB0004096HMDB0001123HMDB0000734HMDB0000197HMDB0029739HMDB0029737HMDB0003447HMDB0000671HMDB0061755HMDB0000738HMDB0002302HMDB0000682HMDB0000684HMDB0000715HMDB0001389HMDB0001488HMDB0001238HMDB0000466HMDB0000929HMDB0000303HMDB0000881HMDB0006524HMDB0038666