MetaboLights

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ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13818/m_MTBLS13818_LC-MS_positive_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsvftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13818/m_MTBLS13818_LC-MS_negative_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsvftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13818/s_MTBLS13818.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13818/i_Investigation.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13818/a_MTBLS13818_LC-MS_positive_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13818/a_MTBLS13818_LC-MS_negative_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13818/FILES/RAW_FILES/Pos-BP20241925-PGM326.rawftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13818/FILES/RAW_FILES/Neg-BP20241925-PGM326.rawprimaryOK200ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS13818Metabolite identification was performed by matching exact mass (mass tolerance < 10 ppm) and MS/MS spectra (mass tolerance < 0.01 Da) against public databases including HMDB, MassBank, and GNPS, as well as an in-house Bepu Metabolite Library (BP-DB).MetaboLightsPublicLiquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse-phaseLiquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse-phaseThroughout the entire analytical process, samples were maintained at 4 °C in the autosampler. Separation was performed on a SHIMADZU-LC30 ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system equipped with an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.8 µm; Waters, Milford, MA, USA). The injection volume was 6 µL, the column temperature was set at 40 °C, and the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min. Mobile phase A consisted of 0.1% formic acid in water, and mobile phase B was 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. The gradient elution program was applied as follows: 0–2 min, 0% B; 2–6 min, 0% to 48% B; 6–10 min, 48% to 100% B; 10–12 min, 100% B; 12–12.1 min, 100% to 0% B; and 12.1–15 min, 0% B.Butyric acid derived from porcine-derived antioxidant probiotic PGM326 enhances intestinal cell differentiation by promoting oxidative phosphorylation.Peking UniversityDuo KeaiThe intestinal contents of pigletsmass spectrometry assayThe samples were thawed at 4 °C and vortexed thoroughly. An aliquot of 600 μL from each sample was transferred to a microcentrifuge tube and dried under vacuum in a high-speed centrifugal concentrator. Then, 1 mL of pre-cooled methanol-water (4:1, v/v) was added, followed by mixing and sonication in an ice bath for 20 min. After standing at -20 °C for 1 h, the mixture was centrifuged at 16,000 × g and 4 °C for 20 min. The resulting supernatant was collected and concentrated to dryness again under vacuum. For LC–MS analysis, the residue was reconstituted in 100 μL of pre-chilled methanol-water (1:1, v/v), centrifuged at 20,000 × g and 4 °C for 15 min, and an appropriate volume of the supernatant was injected for analysis.bacillushttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS13818Yitong Zhang. Hunan Normal University. 3277185620@qq.com.Huansheng Yang. Hunan Normal University. yhs@hunnu.edu.cn.Raw data were processed using the MSDIAL software for peak alignment, retention time correction, and peak area extraction.Groupkeaiduoduo998@126.comStrain PGM326, a porcine-derived antioxidant probiotic, was purified and cultured for more than three generations. The bacterial cells were then centrifuged at 4 °C (10000 × g, 5 min) to collect the strain PGM326-CFS (cell-free supernatant), which was subsequently sent to BiotechBio Corporation for metabolomic analysis. MetabolomicsBacillus PGM326Antioxidant probioticLCMSBacillus PGM326Antioxidant probioticLCMSEach sample was analyzed in both positive (+) and negative (-) ion modes using electrospray ionization (ESI). After UPLC separation, mass spectrometry was performed on a Q-Exactive Plus mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific) equipped with a HESI ion source. The ionization parameters were set as follows: spray voltage: 3.8 kV (+) and 3.2 kV (-); capillary temperature: 320 °C; sheath gas: 30 arb; aux gas: 5 arb; probe heater temperature: 350 °C; S-lens RF level: 50. Mass spectrometry data were acquired under the following settings: acquisition time: 15 min; full scan range: m/z 75–1050; MS1 resolution: 70,000 at m/z 200; AGC target: 3e6; maximum ion injection time (IT) for MS1: 100 ms. For MS/MS analysis, the top 10 most intense precursor ions from each full scan were selected for fragmentation. The MS2 settings were: resolution: 17,500 at m/z 200; AGC target: 1e5; maximum IT: 50 ms; activation type: HCD; isolation window: 2 m/z; normalized collision energy (stepped): 20, 30, 40.α-D-Glucose6-(2-Carboxyethyl)-7-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-chromanone glucoside(R)-DihydromaleimideGuanosinedAMP / 2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate(S,S)-Np-HistidinylalanineEdulisin IIsopropyl beta-D-glucosideL-N-(3-Carboxypropyl)glutaminecadralazineMethylpyrazineO-Acetylserine1-(Hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedionePenmacric acidBilobetinUroporphyrinogen ITartronate semialdehydeConivaptanPantothenamide8-HydroxyadenineL-XyluloseIsoplumbaginLeucyl-Histidine4-Acetamido-2-aminobutanoic aciddCYD / 2'-Deoxycytidine4R,5R,6S-Trihydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one 6-(2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzoate)Citrusin EO-AcetylethanolamineL-2-Amino-3-(1-pyrazolyl)propanoic acid1-Isothiocyanato-6-(methylsulfinyl)hexaneD-Glucuronic acidD-1-Amino-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acidMelleolide DN-Acetyl-b-neuraminic acidPterolactam2',3' cyclic CMPLysyl-LysineTelbivudine(2S,3'S)-alpha-Amino-2-carboxy-5-oxo-1-pyrrolidinebutanoic acidxi-3-Hydroxy-2-oxobutanoic acidThreoninyl-glutamateHydroxyminalineMethyl N-methylanthranilatetrans-Aconitic acidDL-Ornithino-L-alanineGlucosylisomaltolL-Cyclo(alanylglycyl)Cephalexin3-O-Caffeoyl-4-O-methylquinic acidArtonin RL-HomocystineGulonic acid3,4-Dihydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-1-pyrrolidinepropanamideXanthosineT hymidine glycol(2S,4S)-PinnatanineValyl-AlanineDi-2-furanylmethane2,5-Furandicarboxylic acidGlucosylgalactosyl hydroxylysinetrifluoroacetic acid5'-O-Desmethyl omeprazoleS-Japonin2-Hydroxy-4-oxopentanoic acidL-AgaritineL-PinitolN-(1-Deoxy-1-fructosyl)threonine(S)-N-(4,5-Dihydro-1-methyl-4-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl)alanineL-Valine5-Taurinomethyl-2-thiouridineL-prolyl-L-glycinefalseButyric acid derived from porcine-derived antioxidant probiotic PGM326 enhances intestinal cell differentiation by promoting oxidative phosphorylationThis study not only identified an efficient host-homologous antioxidant probiotic, PGM326, but also systematically elucidated its mechanism of exerting antioxidant function by synthesizing BA to promote OXPHOS in intestinal epithelial cells, thereby enhancing cell differentiation. This provides a systematic solution for developing host-homologous, mechanism-defined antioxidant microecological feed additives.2026-02-012026-02-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