Compound matching and identification were carried out by comparing secondary spectral fragment ion information with reference spectra from databases such as HMDB, PubChem, PubMed, LipidMaps, mzCloud, and KEGG.
"],"repository":["MetaboLights"],"study_status":["Public"],"ptm_modification":[""],"instrument_platform":["Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse-phase","Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse-phase"],"chromatography_protocol":["Compound separation was performed using a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) on a Vanquish ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography system (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Mobile phase A was acetonitrile, and mobile phase B was 0.1% formic acid in water. The sample tray temperature was set to 4°C, flow rate to 0.3 mL/min, injection volume to 3 μL, and column temperature to 40°C. The gradient elution program was as follows: 0–2 min, 98% (v/v) B; 2–3 min: 98%–60% (v/v) B; 3–10 min: 60% (v/v) B; 10–12 min: 60%–46% (v/v) B; 12–20 min: 46%–39% (V/V) B; 20–25 min: 39%–2% (V/V) B; 25–26 min: 2%–2% (V/V) B; 26–26.1 min: 2%–98% (V/V) B.
"],"publication":["UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS-Based Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Analysis to Reveal Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. Extract Improves Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice."],"submitter_affiliation":["Shandong academy of chinese medicine"],"submitter_name":["Xinyu Chen"],"organism_part":["serum","feces"],"technology_type":["mass spectrometry assay"],"disease":[""],"extraction_protocol":["feces: For analysis, 50 mg of mouse feces was taken, mixed with 1 mL methanol, vortexed for 30 s, and centrifuged at 4 °C and 12,000 rpm for 15 min. The supernatant was nitrogen-blown dry in an EP tube, resuspended in 80% methanol, vortexed for 30 s, and centrifuged again at 4 °C and 12,000 rpm for 15 min. Transfer the supernatant through a 0.22 μm filter membrane for subsequent analysis.
blood: Allow to stand for 2 h, then centrifuge at 4000 r/min at 4°C for 10 min. Transfer 100 µL of the supernatant to a centrifuge tube, add 400 µL of methanol solution, and vortex for 1 min. Then centrifuge at 12,000 rpm at 4°C for 10 min. Collect all supernatant, dry under nitrogen, and redissolve in 80% methanol aqueous solution. Filter the supernatant through a 0.22 μm membrane for subsequent analysis.
"],"organism":["Mus musculus"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS13825"],"author":["Dandan Sun. Shandong academy of chinese medicine. sundandan1005@163.com.","Xinyu Chen. Shandong academy of chinese medicine. cxy0730cxy@163.com."],"data_transformation_protocol":["The obtained UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS raw data were processed using Xcalibur software (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) for peak matching, peak filtering, and peak alignment. Data analysis was performed with Compound Discovery software for peak alignment, retention time correction, and preliminary metabolite identification.
"],"study_factor":["Treatment"],"submitter_email":["cxy0730cxy@163.com"],"sample_collection_protocol":["feces: 2 h after the final drug administration, mouse feces were collected into sterile cryogenic tubes and stored at -80 °C.
blood: Twenty-four hours after the final drug administration, collect 2 mL of blood from 6 mice per group via ocular puncture into centrifuge tubes.
"],"omics_type":["Metabolomics"],"study_design":["Immune Response Regulation Pathway","Codonopsis pilosula","Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","untargeted metabolite profiling"],"curator_keywords":["Immune Response Regulation Pathway","Codonopsis pilosula","Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","untargeted metabolite profiling"],"mass_spectrometry_protocol":["Data acquisition was performed using an electrospray ionization (ESI) source in both positive and negative ion modes. The spray voltage was set to 3.50 kV for positive ion mode and -3.00 kV for negative ion mode. The sheath gas flow was set to 45 arb, the auxiliary gas flow to 10 arb, and the capillary temperature maintained at 350°C. The primary full-scan resolution was set to 70,000 m/z, with secondary mass spectrometry resolution at 17,500. with a scan range from m/z 800 to 1200.
"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS-Based Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Analysis to Reveal Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. Extract Improves Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice","description":"Immune system dysfunction leads to recurrent or severe infections, increased susceptibility to concurrent illnesses, and heightened risk of tumors. Current immunomodulators often carry side effects, whereas phytotherapy offers relative stability, making this therapeutic approach worthy of exploration. Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. nourishes blood, generates fluids, and tonifies qi to address deficiency. Codonopsis pilosula water extract (LDSOL) possesses immune-enhancing properties, but its potential biomarkers and mechanisms of action remain unclear. This study investigated the pharmacological basis of LDSOL using a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mouse model. Results showed that oral administration of LDSOL alleviated hepatosplenomegaly and thymic atrophy, regulated white and red blood cell counts, significantly elevated IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IgG concentrations, modulated Th17/Treg and Th1/Th2 cell ratios, and enhanced the body's immune response capacity. Metabolomics combined with 16S rRNA gut microbiota analysis suggested that LDSOL may enhance immune function by regulating endogenous metabolites (L-phenylalanine, serotonin, methionine sulfoxide, propionylcarnitine) and immune-related gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Bacteroides). Multi-omics correlation analysis indicates that LDSOL exerts immunomodulatory effects by regulating Serotonin, 5-Hydroxytryptophan, and L-Glutamine through modulating microbial communities such as Ligilactobacillus, Longibaculum, and Pseudomonadota. In summary, LDSOL effectively mitigates immune organ damage, significantly improves blood cell counts, cytokine levels, and immune cell ratios. It enhances immunity by regulating metabolism and the gut microbial environment while alleviating immunosuppression.
","dates":{"publication":"2026-02-03","submission":"2026-02-03"},"accession":"MTBLS13825","cross_references":{}}