MetaboLights

application/xml

ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS14246/m_MTBLS14246_LC-MS_positive_reverse-phase_v2_maf.tsvftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS14246/m_MTBLS14246_LC-MS_negative_reverse-phase_v2_maf.tsvftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS14246/a_MTBLS14246_LC-MS_negative_reverse-phase-1.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS14246/a_MTBLS14246_LC-MS_positive_reverse-phase.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS14246/i_Investigation.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS14246/s_MTBLS14246.txtprimaryOK200Intestinal Contentftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS14246Metabolites were identified using the METLIN database and an in-house library (mass deviation < 100 ppm).mass spectrometry assay100 μL of sample solution was combined with 500 μL of extraction solvent (methanol:acetonitrile = 1:1 v/v, Merck, Germany) containing a 20 mg/L internal standard. The mixture was vortexed for 30 s, sonicated in an ice-water bath for 10 min, and incubated at -20℃ for 1 h. After centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for 15 min at 4℃, 500 μL of supernatant was vacuum-concentrated to dryness. Dried metabolites were resuspended in 160 μL of acetonitrile:water (1:1 v/v), vortexed for 30 s, and sonicated again in an ice-water bath for 10 min. Following another centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for 15 min at 4℃, 120 μL of supernatant was transferred to an injection vial. A quality control (QC) sample was prepared by pooling 10 μL from each sample.Galleria mellonellaThe raw data were processed using Progenesis QI for peak extraction, alignment, and normalization.Diethttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS14246yc2000962021@163.comThe G. mellonella larvae were collected from apiaries in Nanchang City (28°46'N, 115°49'E), Anyuan County (25°00'N, 115°40'E), and Tonggu County (28°52'N, 114°37'E), all located in Jiangxi Province, China. The low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was from Sigma-Aldrich Trading Co., Ltd. (China).A total of 1,500 G. mellonella larvae (20-25 mm in length) were randomly assigned to three groups and reared in an incubator at 30℃ and 50% relative humidity: Control group, referred to as CK in this study, (dissected immediately, n = 500), beeswax group (fed for 7 days, n = 500), and LDPE group (fed for 7 days, n = 500). Upon completion of the feeding period, the surviving larvae were anesthetized with carbon dioxide, sterilized with 75% ethanol, and transferred to a sterile environment. Dissection was performed along the dorsal midline of each larva, and the entire intestinal contents were collected in sterile, nuclease-free 1.5 mL centrifuge tubes. For non-targeted metabolomic sequencing, 25 larvae per group were used per replicate, with five replicates per group. All samples were flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen for 1 min and stored at -80℃.MetaboLightsPublicMetabolomicsLiquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse-phaseLiquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse-phaselow-density polyethyleneMetabolomicsWaters ACQUITY UPLC I-Class PLUS Systemgut microbeACQUITY UPLC I-Class PLUSWaters Xevo G2-XS QTofuntargeted analysisXevo G2-XS QTofIntestinal ContentGalleria mellonellamonooxygenaseexperimental sampleA Waters Acquity I-Class PLUS UHPLC system (USA) was used. Separation was achieved on a Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (1.8 μm, 2.1 × 100 mm) with mobile phases A (0.1% formic acid in water) and B (0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile; TCI, Japan). The injection volume was 1 μL.A novel luciferin 4-monooxygenase from Galleria mellonella larval gut drives rapid low-density polyethylene biodegradation.low-density polyethyleneMetabolomicsWaters ACQUITY UPLC I-Class PLUS SystemACQUITY UPLC I-Class PLUSgut microbeWaters Xevo G2-XS QTofuntargeted analysisXevo G2-XS QTofIntestinal ContentGalleria mellonellamonooxygenaseexperimental sampleHoneybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityChen YangA Waters Xevo G2-XS QTof mass spectrometer (USA) was used. Ion source: electrospray ionization (ESI). Ionization modes: positive and negative. Data were acquired in MSe mode with low collision energy (2 V) and high collision energy ramping (10-40 V) at a scan rate of 0.2 s. Ion source parameters: capillary voltage ±2000 V, cone voltage 30 V, source temperature 150℃, desolvation temperature 500℃, desolvation gas flow rate 800 L/h.falseA novel luciferin 4-monooxygenase from Galleria mellonella larval gut drives rapid low-density polyethylene biodegradationPlastic pollution is a pressing global issue, with polyethylene (PE) the most widespread and persistent contaminant. Galleria mellonella (G. mellonella) has been identified as one of the most suitable insect species for the efficient consumption and degradation of PE; However, the gut microbiota and endogenous factors of G. mellonella contribute to efficient degradation of PE remain unclear. Here our metagenomic analyses revealed that the gut microbial diversity of larvae fed low-density polyethylene (LDPE) remained stable and showed no significant difference from that of the control group, indicating limited community restructuring during LDPE digestion. Proteomic and metabolomic profiling revealed elevated expression of redox-related proteins, accumulation of LDPE oxidative products, and a substantial amount of short-chain fatty acids that could be utilized by G. mellonella via metabolic pathways such as the TCA cycle. Strikingly, the oxidoreductase (luciferin 4-monooxygenase) consistently emerged as the most significantly differentially expressed protein in comparisons of LDPE-fed larvae against both the initial control and the beeswax groups, and it was predicted to exhibit strong binding affinity for long-chain alkenes. A key gut microbe, Brevibacillus parabrevis strain B3, exhibited the highest activity in LDPE degradation. Importantly, in vitro assays demonstrated that the combination of luciferin 4-monooxygenase and Brevibacillus parabrevis strain B3 synergistically enhanced LDPE degradation efficiency-far surpassing enzyme or bacterial treatments alone. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed significant oxidative surface modifications, including hydroxyl and carbonyl group formation, under combined treatment. These results suggest that Gm-luciferin 4-monooxygenase likely acts as the principal driver of LDPE degradation in G. mellonella, with other oxidoreductases and gut bacteria providing auxiliary support. Our findings elucidate the enzymatic and microbial synergy underlying wax worm-mediated LDPE biodegradation and offer promising targets for developing bio-inspired plastic waste remediation technologies.2026-04-112026-04-09MTBLS14246