Metabolic features were annotated against the Metware database (MWDB), KEGG database (https://www.genome.jp/kegg/), and Human Metabolome Database (HMDB, https://hmdb.ca/metabolites). Only annotated features with an integrated annotation score > 0.5 and a QC coefficient of variation (CV) < 0.30 were retained for downstream analysis. When the same compound was annotated in both positive and negative ion modes, the entry with the higher annotation confidence and lower QC CV was retained to reduce duplication.
"],"repository":["MetaboLights"],"study_status":["Public"],"ptm_modification":[""],"instrument_platform":["Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse-phase","Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse-phase"],"chromatography_protocol":["Chromatographic separation was performed on an LC-30A UHPLC system (Shimadzu, Japan) equipped with a Waters ACQUITY Premier HSS T3 column (1.8 μm, 2.1 mm × 100 mm). Mass spectrometric detection was conducted on a TripleTOF 6600 system (SCIEX, Foster City, CA, USA) using electrospray ionization in both positive and negative ion modes. The mobile phases consisted of water containing 0.1% formic acid (phase A) and acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid (phase B). The gradient program was as follows: 0–2 min, 5%–20% B; 2–5 min, 20%–60% B; 5–6 min, 60%–99% B; 6–7.5 min, 99% B; 7.5–7.6 min, 99%–5% B; and 7.6–10 min, 5% B. The column temperature was 40 °C, the flow rate was 0.4 mL/min, and the injection volume was 4 μL.
"],"publication":["Developmental exposure to amitraz impairs reproductive development and metabolic homeostasis in honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens."],"submitter_name":["wu jiangli"],"submitter_affiliation":["Institute of Apicultural Research"],"organism_part":["hemolymph","solvent"],"technology_type":["mass spectrometry assay"],"disease":[""],"extraction_protocol":["For metabolite extraction, samples were thawed on ice, vortexed for 10 s, and mixed with 300 μL of 20% acetonitrile/methanol internal-standard extraction solution (ACN:methanol = 1:4, v/v). After vortexing for 3 min, samples were centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min at 4 °C. Two hundred microliters of supernatant were transferred to a new tube and kept at −20 °C for 30 min, followed by a second centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for 3 min at 4 °C. Finally, 180 μL of supernatant was used for instrumental analysis.
"],"organism":["Apis mellifera","blank"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS14413"],"author":["wu jiangli. wujiangli@caas.cn.","Han Bin. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. hanbin@caas.cn."],"data_transformation_protocol":["Raw data were converted to mzML format using ProteoWizard, followed by peak extraction, alignment, and retention-time correction using XCMS. Peaks with a missing rate > 50% within any group were removed. Remaining missing values were imputed using K-nearest neighbor imputation or one-fifth of the minimum value, as appropriate. Peak areas were corrected using support vector regression (SVR) to reduce systematic signal drift and improve relative quantitative comparability across samples.
"],"study_factor":["Dose"],"submitter_email":["wujiangli@caas.cn"],"sample_collection_protocol":["Newly emerged queens were randomly selected from the solvent control group (SC) and the amitraz-treated group (0.1 μg/queen), with 30 queens randomly selected per group. Hemolymph was collected by puncturing the dorsal aorta with a glass microcapillary. Samples were centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 20 min at 4 °C, and the supernatant was transferred to fresh 1.5 mL tubes and stored at −80 °C. Hemolymph pooled from five queens (approximately 20 μL) was used as one biological replicate, with six biological replicates per group.
"],"omics_type":["Metabolomics"],"study_design":["pooled quality control sample","Metabolomics","blank","AB SCIEX TripleTOF 6600+","untargeted analysis","hemolymph","solvent blank","Amitraz","Shimadzu LC-30A Nexera UHPLC system","untargeted metabolite profiling","Apis mellifera","Control","Treatment","solvent","Honey Bee","AB SCIEX TripleTOF 6600"],"curator_keywords":["pooled quality control sample","Metabolomics","blank","AB SCIEX TripleTOF 6600+","untargeted analysis","hemolymph","solvent blank","Amitraz","Shimadzu LC-30A Nexera UHPLC system","untargeted metabolite profiling","Apis mellifera","Control","Treatment","solvent","Honey Bee","AB SCIEX TripleTOF 6600"],"mass_spectrometry_protocol":["Mass spectrometry settings were as follows: ion source gas 1, 50 psi; ion source gas 2, 60 psi; curtain gas, 35 psi; source temperature, 550 °C; ion spray voltage, 5,000 V in positive mode and –4,000 V in negative mode. MS1 spectra were acquired over m/z 50–1000 with an accumulation time of 0.2 s, and MS2 spectra were acquired over m/z 25–1000 with an accumulation time of 0.04 s.
"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Developmental exposure to amitraz impairs metabolic homeostasis in honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens","description":"We examined the developmental ecotoxicity of the in-hive acaricide amitraz in honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens by exposing fourth-instar larvae to acute and residue-informed sub-LD50 doses and assessing responses from organismal to metabolic levels. The 72-h LD50 of amitraz was 4.428 μg/queen. Untargeted hemolymph metabolomics revealed extensive changes in glycerophospholipid, alpha-linolenic acid, tryptophan, porphyrin, and energy-associated metabolic pathways. This study highlights the need to incorporate developmentally sensitive measures in the environmental safety assessment of in-hive acaricides.
","dates":{"publication":"2026-09-24","submission":"2026-04-30"},"accession":"MTBLS14413","cross_references":{}}