MetaboLightsapplication/xmlftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS6260/m_MTBLS6260_NMR___metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsvftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS6260/i_Investigation.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS6260/a_MTBLS6260_NMR___metabolite_profiling.txtftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS6260/s_MTBLS6260.txtprimaryOK200ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/metabolights/studies/public/MTBLS6260<p>Metabolites were annotated via metabolite recognition software Chenomx (Chenomx v 8.2, Chenomx Ltd, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada), and the respective buckets were annotated before statistical analysis. Metabolite identities were confirmed (where possible) by comparison with an in-house metabolite library. Spectra were integrated according to peak boundaries defined for each peak, the sum of the integral for that region divided by the region width using in house Galaxy toolkit tameNMR (https://github.com/PGB-LIV/tameNMR). Signals assigned to EDTA were removed from the dataset and remaobing peaks normalised to the total area before selecting representative peaks for each metabolite.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Where multiple bins were annotated with a single metabolite, an in-house correlation reliability score (CRS) was applied to select the most representative bin for each metabolite for use in further analyses (Coope et al., 2022). Where correlation scores were low between bins or scores were tied, bins were manually examined to determine the most representative bin. Factors in the selection process included signal-to noise ratio, presence of overlapping spectra and the Chenomx and tameNMR visualization of relevant bins.&nbsp;</p>MetaboLightsPublicNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) -Ketone monoester reduces blood glucose, exogenous CHO oxidation and oxidation efficiency in trained male cyclists when fed 120 g/h of CHO during exercise. 10.1152/japplphysiol.01072.2025.Oral ketone monoester ingestion reduces circulating blood glucose, exogenous carbohydrate oxidation and oxidation efficiency in trained male cyclists when fed 120 g of CHO per hour during exercise.<p>1H NMR spectra were acquired on a 700 MHz NMR Bruker Avance IIIHD spectrometer equipped with a TCI cryoprobe and chilled SampleJetTM Autosampler. Spectrometer set-up prior to acquisition of each batch followed the quality assurance criteria set out by the Metabolomics Standards Initiative (MSI) {doi: ]. Briefly, spectrometer probe temperature calibrated to 25oC +/- 0.1oC and three-dimensional shimming meeting line width quality established at probe acceptance. Temperature was calibrated via comparison to Bruker standard 99.8 deuterated methanol thermometer (catalogue number Z10627, Bruker UK) (Findeisen et al., 2007). Three-dimensional shimming calibrated via 3D shim routine using vendor supplied ‘topshim’&nbsp;routine on Bruker aqueous Sucrose and DSS standard in 10% 2H2O 90% 1H2O (catalogue Z10902 number, Bruker UK) with acceptance criteria of linewidth half height for DSS &lt; 1Hz.&nbsp;</p>University of LiverpoolMarie Margaret Phelan<p>Resultant spectra were manually inspected to establish they meet recommended quality control criteria set out by the MSI [https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-007-0082-2&nbsp;]. Briefly linewidth half height for Glucose anomeric doublet at 5.24ppm peak within 1 standard deviation, flat baseline, residual water peak less than 0.4 ppm wide and comparable signal to noise across all spectra.&nbsp;</p>blood plasmaNMR spectroscopy assay<p>Plasma samples were thawed on ice and prepared for NMR without extraction.</p>Homo sapienshttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS6260Henry Martyn.Marie Phelan. High-Field NMR Facility Liverpool Shared Research Facilities (LivSRF) University of Liverpool Liverpool UK. mphelan@liv.ac.uk.James Morton. Liverpool John Moores University. Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES) Liverpool John Moores University Byrom Street Liverpool L3 3AF. J.P.Morton@ljmu.ac.uk.Jack Edmondson.Daniel Owens. Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES) Liverpool John Moores University Byrom Street Liverpool L3 3AF UK.<p>Acquired data were automatically processed (Fourier transformation, 0.3Hz linebroadening, phasing, alignment and baseline correction) using a vendor supplied processing routine (apk0.noe). Spectra were aligned to anomeric glucose doublet at 5.24ppm.</p>Time from start of exerciseSupplementTime from supplementmphelan@liv.ac.uk<p>Venous blood samples were collected into Vacutainers contained K2EDTA (BD Biosciences, UK) and stored on ice until centrifugation at 1,500 g for 10 min at 4 °C. &nbsp;Following centrifugation, plasma samples were aliquoted and stored at -80 °C for subsequent analysis.</p><p>Standard vendor pulse sequences were applied to collect 1D 1H-NMR spectra (cpmg1dpr). A Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill (CPMG) edited pulse sequence was employed to attenuate signals from macromolecules present (proteins, etc.). Plasma spectra were collected at 37 degrees C with 32 transients for optimal sensitivity, with all other parameters constant.</p>MetabolomicsKetonesblood plasmauntargeted analysisMaltodextrinStable isotopesuntargeted metabolitesHomo sapiensexperimental blankBruker AVANCE III HD 700 MHz spectrometerFructoseKetonesblood plasmauntargeted analysisStable isotopesMaltodextrinuntargeted metabolitesHomo sapiensexperimental blankBruker AVANCE III HD 700 MHz spectrometerFructose<p>Samples were then thawed and 330 μl of plasma sample mixed with 330 μl stock solution of NMR buffer containing 200 mM sodium phosphate buffer pH7.4, 2.4 mM of sodium azide and 20% 2H2O. Samples were vortexed for 30s and centrifuged at 4°C for 5 minutes at 21500g and 600µl transferred into a 5mm outer diameter NMR tube</p>L-PhenylalanineL-KynurenineCreatineL-IsoleucineGlycylprolineAcetoaceticacidIDLL-Glutamicacid(S)-3-HydroxyisobutyricacidVLDLL-AlanineAceticacidlipid groupN-Acetyl-L-tyrosineL-Histidine3-MethylhistidineL-LeucinePhosphorylcholineL-ProlineL-MethionineL-LysineGlycolicacidN-Alpha-acetyllysineL-ArginineIsopropylalcoholHDL3D-GlucoseHDL2Hydroxykynurenine2-Hydroxybutyricacidlipid CH groupGlycineL-Asparaginelipid TG groupMyoinositolLDLGlycA PTM groupL-TryptophanL-LacticacidGlutathioneCreatinineFormicacidpoly[2-(methacryloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine] macromoleculeSerotoninPUFA18:02GlycB PTM groupEDTAL-GlutamineL-TyrosineGlucaricacid(R)-3-HydroxybutyricacidL-ValineCitricacidPUFAnot18:02AcetonefalseOral ketone monoester ingestion reduces circulating blood glucose, exogenous carbohydrate oxidation and oxidation efficiency in trained male cyclists when fed 120 g of CHO per hour during exercise<p>We examined the effects of ketone monoester (KME) and carbohydrate (CHO) co-ingestion on exogenous CHO oxidation, metabolomic responses and exercise capacity. In a randomised repeated-measures design (after a 36 h CHO loading protocol and pre-exercise meal of 12 and 2 g.kg-1, respectively), eight trained male cyclists ingested 0 g.h-1 (PLA), 120 g.h-1 CHO (CHO) or 75 g ketone monoester + 120 g.h-1 CHO (CHO + KME) during 3 h of cycling at 95 % of lactate threshold (LT) followed by exercise to exhaustion at 150 % LT. &nbsp;Mean blood glucose concentrations during exercise were different between all pairwise comparisons (P&lt;0.05) such that CHO &gt; CHO + KME &gt; PLA (4.90 ± 0.30, 4.36 ± 0.23, 3.68 ± 0.39 mmol.L-1, respectively).&nbsp;&nbsp;Mean exogenous CHO oxidation (1.35 ± 0.15 vs 1.50 ± 0.16 g.min-1, P&lt;0.01) and oxidation efficiency was lower in CHO + KME (67 ± 7 %) compared to CHO (75 ± 6%, P &lt;0.01). Exercise capacity was greater (P&lt;0.01) in CHO (349 ± 189 s) and CHO + KME (319 ± 225 s) compared to PLA (75 ± 105 s), though no differences were evident between CHO and CHO+KME (P &gt; 0.99). Untargeted metabolomics also provide novel data by demonstrating that ketone monoester ingestion increased abundance of metabolites associated with carbohydrate metabolism (Glucaric acid) and protein turnover (3-Methylhistidine). &nbsp;In conditions considered representative of high CHO availability during exercise, we conclude that ketone monoester ingestion reduces blood glucose concentrations, exogenous CHO oxidation and oxidation efficiency when compared to CHO alone. &nbsp;</p>2026-04-222025-11-07MTBLS6260HMDB0000142HMDB0000684HMDB0000177HMDB0000159HMDB0000732HMDB0000929HMDB0000158HMDB0000866HMDB0000122HMDB0001565HMDB0000663HMDB0000190HMDB0000562HMDB0000008HMDB0000064HMDB0000115HMDB0000721HMDB0000479HMDB0015109HMDB0000211HMDB0000123HMDB0000162HMDB0000259HMDB0000182HMDB0000446HMDB0000125HMDB0000168HMDB0000094HMDB0000696HMDB0000641HMDB0000011HMDB0000148HMDB0000060HMDB0001659HMDB0000042HMDB0000517HMDB0000161HMDB0000172HMDB0000863HMDB0000023HMDB0000883HMDB0000687